In the complex landscape of conflict, this thesis sought to unravel the intricate effects on supply chains and trade within Syria's pharmaceutical industry, which experienced over a decade of civil war. The research was motivated by the limited existing literature on the impact of conflict on supply chains and trade in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly concerning Syria. Prior to the civil war, Syria's pharmaceutical sector demonstrated significant growth and self-sufficiency. However, the conflict brought substantial disruptions, prompting an examination of the ensuing challenges. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with key industry stakeholders in Syria. The findings revealed that prior to the civil war, various antecedents contributed to the success of the pharmaceutical industry. However, the conflict introduced international and domestic factors that hindered the efficiency of supply chains and resulted in reduced domestic and international trade activities. In response, companies and individuals adopted adaptation strategies, showcasing the industry's resilience in the face of adversity. This research contributed valuable insights into the dynamics of conflict on supply chain and trade by contributing novel findings and enriching existing research.