ORALS

SESSION: IronMonPM1-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Andrey Dmitriev; Session Monitor: TBA

14:00: [IronMonPM105] OS Plenary
Rising and Failure of Gas Based Direct Reduction Processes
Yakov Gordon¹ ; ¹Hatch, Mississauga, Canada;
Paper Id: 503 [Abstract]

The first industrial application of DRI production was Wiberg-Soderfors DRI shaft furnace process. The history of development and implementation of various gas based direct reduction processes was studied. The strength and week features of this processes were evaluated. It was shown that economics of the direct reduction process depends on cost of raw material and reducing agent, reliability of equipment and strict application of direct reduction principles. Results of evaluation allowed to show, why Midrex and HYL are the only successful DRI gas-based processes, while other lost their competitive position and stop operation

SESSION: IronMonPM1-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Andrey Dmitriev; Session Monitor: TBA

14:25: [IronMonPM106] OS
MODERNIZATION OF DRI SHAFT FURNACES TO ENHANCE PROCESS PERFORMANCE AND IMPROVE PRODUCT QUALITY
Yakov Gordon¹ ; ¹Hatch, Mississauga, Canada;
Paper Id: 502 [Abstract]

Gas dynamics and gas distribution in shaft furnace play crucial role in improvement of furnace productivity, product quality and reduction in natural gas rate. Optimum design parameters of gas distribution devises were investigated by means of mathematical modelling, pilot plant and industrial installation studies. New heat transfer co-current schematics of gas and material movement with self-reforming of natural gas in metallization zone, was invented, patented and tested at pilot plant. New Shaft furnace design and improvements where proposed and new gas distribution devises were implemented, providing savings in fuel rate, increase in productivity and improvements in quality of DRI.

SESSION: IronMonPM2-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Dario Pauluzzi; Session Monitor: TBA

16:20: [IronMonPM210] OS
Implementation of BF Technology with co-injection of natural gas and PCI at NLMK, Russia
Sergei Filatov¹ ; Yakov Gordon² ; Sergei Zagainov³ ; Sergei Myasoedov⁴ ; Andrei Sorokin⁵ ; Vladislav Listopadov⁵ ; Sergei Grachev⁵ ; ¹Nowo-Lipets Iron & STeel Works, Lipets, Russian Federation; ²Hatch, Mississauga, Canada; ³Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; ⁴NLMK, Russia, Lipetsk, Russian Federation; ⁵NLMK, Lipetsk, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 49 [Abstract]

<p>Based on the result of theoretical analysis, it has been shown that injection of pulverized coal supports process conditions either to provide higher smelting rate or achieve minimum coke specific consumption. In case of coke and natural gas replacement, two conflicting factors can be observed: gas amount per minute is reduced thus having a favorable effect on gas dynamics both at upper and lower zones of the furnace; porosity is decreased in slag formation zone. It determines extreme correlation between PCI (pulverized coal injection) consumption and blast furnace performance. It has been established that increasing ratio of PCI to natural gas (NG) consumption is followed by lower coke and total carbon in fuel specific consumption at slowdown. High smelting rate can be achieved with this ratio within the range of 2.0-2.5. Mathematical modelling also revealed that the replacement coefficient of coke by NG increases in average by 0.09 kg of coke per Nm3 of NG with PCI rate with increase accompanied by simultaneous reduction in NG rate. The overall consumption carbon consumption was reduced despite the difference in carbon amount entering the furnace with PCI and NG.</p>

References:
<p>1. Bermes, P.; Olszar R.; Hlisnikowski, K.; Faruzel P.: Operational Benefit and Cost Saving through PCI Application at the Blast Furnaces of Třinecké železárny; METEC & 2nd ESTAD, 2015, Düsseldorf.\n2. Schott, R.: Optimization strategies for pulverized coal injection into the blast furnace. stahl und eisen 136, 2016, Nr.3, p. 39-47.\n3. Filatov S., Zagainov S, Gileva L. a.o. Evaluation of effectiveness of hot metal production in blast furnace. Izvestia Vuzov, Ferrous Metallurgy, 2017. V. 60. № 8. p.p. 637-642.\n4. Filatov S, Vlasov V a.o. First results of PCI injection in blast furnace. Metallurg, 2014. № 9. p.p. 60-63\n5. Filatov S, Myasoedov S, Titov V. a.o. Improvement of blast furnace operation with PCI at blast furnace shop No.1 at NLMK. Izvestia Vuzov, Ferrous Metallurgy. 2018. № 7 (1423). p.p. 33-39</p>

SESSION: IronMonPM2-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Dario Pauluzzi; Session Monitor: TBA

16:45: [IronMonPM211] OS
INFLUENCE OF IRREGULARITY OF HOT METAL AND SLAG TAPPING ON BLAST FURNACE PERFORMANCE AT NTMK-EVRAZ
Yakov Gordon¹ ; Sergei Zagainov² ; Vladimir Panteleev³ ;⁰ ; Mikhail Polovets² ; ¹Hatch, Mississauga, Canada; ²Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation; ³Ural Fwderal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 44 [Abstract]

<p>Timely and complete taping of hot metal and slag is the main precondition of blast furnace intensive operation. Irregular taping leads to fluctuation of the level of liquid products in the furnace hearth, change in rate of material charging to the furnace and variations in a burden residence time in the furnace. Also it effects the thermal state of the furnace and chemical composition of the hot metal and slag. Ratio of tapped hot metal and slag is determined by physical properties of slag, diameter and length of hot metal taphole. Analysis of NTMK-Evraz blast furnaces operation showed significant fluctuations of this ratio. At average slag volume between 340-360 kg/thm the actual range of slag volume changes from 200 to 850 kg/thm. The fundamentals of mechanics of fluid and gases were applied to study the problem and laminate flow of hot metal and slag was assumed for the taphole. The ratio of the metal and slag mass in the taphole and hot metal and slag velocities were described as a function of slag parameters and taphole geometry. This approach allowed to derive numerical relationship between volumes of tapped hot metal and slag, slag viscosity and taphole design. Results of mathematical modeling were confirmed by actual performance parameters of NTMK-Evraz blast furnaces. It was found, that increase in slag to hot metal ratio led to the reduction in blast furnace productivity and reduction in vanadium partition to hot metal.</p>

References:
<p>[1] Shao L., Saxén H. A simulation study of blast furnace hearth drainage using a two-phase flow model of the taphole // ISIJ International. 2011. Vol. 51, No. 2, p.p. 228–235.\n[2]. Muller J., Zietsman J.H., Pistorius P.C. Modeling of Manganese Ferroalloy Slag Properties and Flow During Tapping // Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B: Process Metallurgy and Mater. Proc. Sci. 2015. Vol. 46, No. 6, p.p. 2639–2651.\n[3] Abramowitz H., Goffney L.J., Ziegert W.L. Taphole mix properties and performance for the first year of operation on Inland’s No. 7 blast furnace / Proceedings of the 42nd Ironmaking Conference, Atlanta, GA. 1983, 17–20 April // Iron and Steel Society of AIME, Warrendale, PA, p.p. 681–694.\n[4]. Ruther H.-P., Lungen H.-B. Refractory technology and operational experience with tapholes and troughs of blast furnaces in the Federal Republic of Germany // Metallurgical plant and technology. 1989, No. 3, p.p. 12–29.\n[5] Shvidkiy V., Gordon Y., Yaroshenko Yu. a.o. Mechanics of liquids and gases, Textbook, 2-d addition, Мoscow, Academkniga, 2003, 464 p.</p>