ORALS

SESSION: OxidativeTuePM1-R1	Yoshikawa International Symposium (2nd Intl. Symp. on Oxidative Stress for Sustainable Development of Human Beings)
Tue. 29 Nov. 2022 / Room: Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Shigeru Hirano; Session Monitor: TBA

15:15: [OxidativeTuePM108] OS
ANTI-OXIDANT TWENDEE X FOR MAINTENANCE OF VOCAL AND SWALLOWING FUNCTION
Shigeru Hirano¹ ; Yoichiro Sugiyama² ; Haruhiko Inufusa³ ; Toshikazu Yoshikawa⁴ ; ¹Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; ²Department of Otolarynogolgy-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; ³TIMA, Gifu, Japan; ⁴Louis Pasteur Center, Kyoto, Japan;
Paper Id: 94 [Abstract]

Voice and swallowing function are critical functions for human life which is supported by intriguing motion of pharynx and larynx. Swallowing function is complicated consisting of the motion of tongue, soft palate, pharyngeal muscles, laryngeal elevation, and the vocal folds. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) affects the whole organs and their functions, which deteriorate vocal and swallowing function with age or diseases. Dysphagia causes sarcopenia, frail, and aspiration pneumonia which occasionally causes death. It is important to maintain swallowing function as well as vocal function to keep the body in healthy status. Twendee X, the strongest anti-oxidant, can maintain the function of the pharynx and larynx by reducing ROS. Our previous data indicated that reduction of ROS leads to maintenance of the vocal folds against aging or injury. We have also confirmed that Twendee X can maintain the vocal function of professional singers. To date, we have established a dysphagia model of guinea pig by resecting nerve branches to the thyropharyngeal muscle. This model represents motor-related dysphagia which is often observed in elderly or patients with neuromuscular diseases. In this model, the animals became unable to eat immediately after the surgery, and lost weight for about 1 week, but they recovered by compensation. When the animals were fed with Twendee x, the immediate reduction of food intake was prevented possibly because of maintenance of the muscles. Twendee X is thought to be effective for maintenance of voice and swallowing function.

SESSION: OxidativeWedPM1-R1	Yoshikawa International Symposium (2nd Intl. Symp. on Oxidative Stress for Sustainable Development of Human Beings)
Wed. 30 Nov. 2022 / Room: Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Koji Fukui; Koji Abe; Session Monitor: TBA

14:25: [OxidativeWedPM106] OS
Oxidative stress and hearing
Shigeru Hirano¹ ; ¹Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan;
Paper Id: 421 [Abstract]

Hearing loss can occur by aging, ototoxicity of drugs, noise exposure, etc. It deteriorates the quality of life. Severe hearing loss causes isolation in human life. Tinnitus is an accompanying symptom with hearing loss, and is kind of torture for some people. Prevention of hearing loss is essential to keep the comfortable human life. Oxidative stress has been revealed to cause hearing loss caused by aging, noise exposure, and ototoxic drugs such as aminoglycoside and cisplatin (CDDP). We have revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is produced in the vessels and hair cells of the inner ear. The hair cells are critical to maintain the hearing ability, and ROS causes severe and refractory damage to the hair cells. We have also revealed that Nox-3 derived ROS in the cochlea induces sensorineural hearing loss. Nox-3 is the key molecule for production of ROS. Nox knock-out mice showed maintenance of hearing ability under noise exposure or ototoxic agency. Anti-oxidative supplement should be useful for maintaining hearing.

SESSION: OxidativeWedPM2-R1	Yoshikawa International Symposium (2nd Intl. Symp. on Oxidative Stress for Sustainable Development of Human Beings)
Wed. 30 Nov. 2022 / Room: Ballroom B
Session Chairs: Hironori Nakagami; Session Monitor: TBA

16:45: [OxidativeWedPM211] OS
The effect of anti-oxidant Twendee X on swallowing function in an animal model of dysphagia in guinea pigs
Yoichiro Sugiyama¹ ; Keiko Hashimoto² ; Shigeru Hirano³ ; Haruhiko Inufusa⁴ ; Toshikazu Yoshikawa⁵ ; ¹Department of Otolarynogolgy-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; ²Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; ³Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; ⁴TIMA, Gifu, Japan; ⁵Louis Pasteur Medical Research Center, Kyoto, Japan;
Paper Id: 433 [Abstract]

Dysphagia is one of the significant concerns in the aging society. In particular, the elderly with swallowing impairment caused by either central or peripheral nervous systems has difficulty in oral intake, possibly resulting in fatal pneumonia. As such, the development of a therapeutic approach that decreases in the risk of aspiration in dysphagic patients remains a pressing issue for medical doctors. The purpose of our study was to establish the animal model of dysphagia and test the hypothesis that decreased pharyngeal constriction caused by the denervation of the vagal efferent nerves can be improved by the application of the anti-oxidant agent. Thus, we developed the animal model in guinea pigs in which the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve was cut and initially evaluated swallowing function using videofluoroscopy. We then tested the effect of oral application of the anti-oxidant agent Twendee X on swallowing function in the dysphagia model animals. Insufficient pharyngeal constriction and pharyngeal residue were found in the denervated animals. The swallowing dysfunction was less pronounced in dysphagic animals with the administration of Twendee X. In conclusion, Twendee X could have a possible role in the improvement of swallowing function in dysphagic patients with decreased swallowing muscle strength caused by neuromuscular atrophy.