ORALS

SESSION: RecyclingTueAM-R5	Kolomaznik International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Materials Recycling Processes & Products)
Tue. 29 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 2
Session Chairs: Juergen Antrekowitsch; Session Monitor: TBA

11:55: [RecyclingTueAM02] OS
Assessment of By-products from Metal Producing Industry – Development of a Certification Procedure and Case Study “Dust from Secondary Copper Industry”
Gustav Hanke¹ ; Juergen Antrekowitsch² ; ¹University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria; ²Christian Doppler Laboratory, Leoben, Austria;
Paper Id: 78 [Abstract]

<p>Every year, millions of tons of by-products from the metal producing industry are dumped as waste and this amount is continuously rising. As these by-products often contain considerable amounts of valuable metals, a huge quantity of potential metal resources is lost. Not only the loss of value, but also the aspect of environmental care suggests a treatment of this material as it is very often problematic in this regard. The reasons for not treating these residues are very diverse. Two main reasons are: firstly, there is no evaluation procedure available as it is for primary resources (causing little confidence and reliability for investments) and secondly, the lack of applicable technologies. A competence network involving Montanuniversität Leoben and numerous partners from industry was formed in order to treat this topic. The project consists of three areas: characterization and evaluation, process development and optimization, as well as the development of an evaluation procedure for secondary resources. The first two areas represent all steps beginning at the first characterisation of an unknown residue to the treatment in terms of mineral processing and metallurgy, process optimization and a final product and its optimization. In the third area, all of the experience gained is combined and used to develop a procedure that guarantees a serious evaluation of secondary resources. Such a procedure, as it is already in worldwide use for primary resources, will give companies and investors a reliable base for treating such materials. Until now, many different materials, such as steel mill dust, lead slag and hydrometallurgical residues from zinc production have been evaluated and treated successfully up to technical scale. The results are partly already published [1, 2]. As another case study, this paper summarizes the investigations and test results of dust from secondary copper industry. These dusts often contain considerable amounts of zinc, lead, tin and copper [3]. The main methods used are standard techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Besides the characteristics of this residues, a proposal for its metallurgical treatment will be presented as well.</p>

References:
<p>[1] G. Hanke &amp; J. Antrekowitsch, Characterisation and pyrometallurgical recycling of jarosite type residues out of zinc primary metallurgy. - World of Metallurgy &ndash; Erzmetall 71.1 (2018) [2] W. Schatzmann &amp; J. Antrekowitsch, Wastes: Solutions, Treatment and Opportunities (2019) [3] O. Rentz, M. Krippner, S. H&auml;hre, Report on Best Available Techniques in German Copper Production, University Karlsruhe (1999)</p>

SESSION: NonferrousTuePM1-R5	8th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Non-ferrous Smelting & Hydro/Electrochemical Processing
Tue. 29 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 2
Session Chairs: TBA Session Monitor: TBA

14:00: [NonferrousTuePM105] OS Plenary
Reducing agents from biomass – an environmentally friendly solution for metallurgical processes
Juergen Antrekowitsch¹ ; Gustav Hanke² ; ¹Chair of Nonferrous Metallurgy, University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria; ²University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria;
Paper Id: 81 [Abstract]

<p>The industrial sector “metal production” is still one of the biggest emitters of fossil based anthropogenic carbon dioxide. While carbon carriers are often used as source of energy, also the chemical process, the reduction, in many cases requires carbon. [1] Examples are various shaft furnace technologies, rotary kilns, rotary hearth furnaces etc. Especially iron industry as well as zinc and copper recycling, lead and tin metallurgy and others consume huge amounts of carbon for reduction. Fresh biomass contains far too many volatiles and does not offer appropriate mechanical properties. Also standard pyrolysis produces a type of charcoal, which is still too reactive because of remaining volatiles and high porosity. The Chair of Nonferrous Metallurgy, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, has started to develop special charcoals out of various types of wood based biomass that offer characteristics which are closer to the one of metallurgical coke than common charcoals. These reducing agents were tested for zinc recycling in rotary kilns as well as in molten slags for other recycling processes. The tests done in lab- and technical scale showed promising results regarding a possible replacement of fossil carbon carriers by special pyrolyzed biomass. The paper describes advantages and disadvantages of the utilization of biomass in the above mentioned field. Furthermore, availability and differences in the quality of wooden biomass with focus on metallurgical application is discussed as well as the utilization of the generated pyrolysis gas [2, 3]. In general, it can be summarized that the use of special pyrolyzed biomass as reducing agent for different metallurgical processes is possible from the technical point of view and can contribute to minimize the CO2-emission from fossil carbon carriers. Especially in times of high CO2-credit prices such concepts for metal production can be also realized economically.</p>

References:
<p>[1] IEA - International Energy Agency: CO2 Emissions from fuel combustion - Highlights. http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/CO2EmissionsFromFuelCo mbustionHighlights2014.pdf [2] Agirre Arisketa I., T. Griessacher, G. R&ouml;sler und J. Antrekowitsch: Production of charcoal as an alternative reducing agent from agricultural residues using a semi-continuous semi-pilot scale pyrolysis screw reactor. Fuel Processing Technology 106 (2013), 114-121 [3] R&ouml;sler G. und J. Antrekowitsch: Special designed charcoal for an environmental friendly heavy metal recycling. Proc. of the Annual World Conference of Carbon (2013), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</p>