ORALS

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonAM-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Fernand Marquis; Session Monitor: TBA

11:30: [AdvancedMaterialsMonAM01] OS Plenary
The Role of Transformative Materials and Technologies in Energy, Environment and Sustainability
Fernand Marquis¹ ; ¹San Diego State University, San Diego, United States;
Paper Id: 97 [Abstract]

Sustainable development is a comprehensive and complex system of systems requiring multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary science and technology inputs with economic, environment and social objectives. The trade space is very wide, and the multitude of trade-offs generate considerable challenges and make it often difficult to achieve an effective balance. During the last sixty years the planet’s population has grown exponentially, from 2.5 to 7.5 billion people, and the technological progress achieved has been tremendous, especially in the industrialized countries. These trends are expected to continue, even at faster rates. All these associated technological activities in the pursuit of better living standards have created a considerable depletion of resources and pollution of land, water and air. Thus, and because most of our resources are limited, it is imperative that we achieve more with less. In broad terms, sustainable development is achieved when the present needs and challenges are met without placing in jeopardy the ability of future generations to meet their own needs and challenges. The global energy demand is expected to increase exponentially, associated with the increase in the global population. The three main reserves of fossil fuels: oil, natural gas and coal are decreasing very rapidly and will not always be available to meet the global demands soon. The continuation of fossil fuel emissions will be environmentally deleterious, and there is already a need to remediate some of the deleterious effects already sustained by the environment. Energy security has become a major and critical issue as fossil fuels are confined to a few areas in the world and their availability is controlled by political, economic and ecological factors. This means that in a short term, considerable energy efficiencies and savings must be achieved, and alternative and renewable sources of energy must be developed. To enable all these technologies considerable advances in energy storage and conversion materials and technologies such as batteries, super capacitors and fuel cells must be achieved. The transportation industry has by far the largest share of global oil consumption and is now the major producer of global greenhouse gas emissions in most industrialized countries. Mobility projections show that it is expected to triple by 2050 with associated energy use and environmental impact. Considerable achievements have recently been obtained in the development of new and advanced materials such as light weight metallic alloys, metal matrix composites, intermetallic and carbon fiber composites and hybrid materials. Nano, nano-structured and nano-hybrid materials systems and nanotechnologies have also been deployed with significant impact. In addition, component redesign using a materials and functional systems integration approach is being used resulting in considerable system improvements and energy efficiency. This resulted in their introduction in the energy, transportation and manufacturing industries in a wide variety of devices and components with considerable technological, economic, environment and social impact: Key Words: Transformative materials and technologies, nano, nanostructured and nanohybrid material systems, energy systems and challenges, environment degradation, sustainability domains and systems..

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonAM-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Fernand Marquis; Session Monitor: TBA

11:55: [AdvancedMaterialsMonAM02] OS Plenary
STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION of MT-YBCO and bulk MgB2-BASED SUPERCONDUCTORS
Tetiana Prikhna¹ ; Michael Eisterer² ; Vladimir Sokolovskiy³ ; Viktor Moshchil⁴ ; Bernd Büchner⁵ ; Xavier Chaud⁶ ; Dmitriy Efremov⁵ ; Dirk Lindackers⁵ ; Fernand Marquis⁷ ; Semyon Ponomarov⁸ ; Vladimir Sverdun⁹ ; ¹V. Bakul Institute NASU, Kiev, Ukraine; ²Institute of Atomic and Subatomic Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria; ³Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; ⁴Institute for Superhard Materials, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁵Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden e. V., Dresden, Germany; ⁶Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI/CNRS), Grenoble, France; ⁷San Diego State University, San Diego, United States; ⁸Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁹Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine;
Paper Id: 448 [Abstract]

A comprehensive investigation of the structural, superconducting and mechanical characteristics of MgB2-based bulk materials and melt-textured (MT) -YBCO, prepared under different pressure-temperature-time conditions, establishes correlations responsible for attaining high functional properties of the superconducting materials and fields of their effective application. The analysis of MgB2 and MT-YBCO from the point of view of their application in inductive fault current limiters and electrical machines showed the competientability of both MgB2 and MT-YBCO materials. The advantages and disadvantages of the both materials are discussed. A successful development of hydrogen as an energy carrier involves the transportation of liquid hydrogen over long distances. This would provide a widely available coolant for superconducting materials that operate efficiently at 20 K. Very promissing are MT-YBCO and MgB2-based materials. MT-YBCO can create higher magnetic fields but its preparation takes much longer and is rather complicated and expensive. Microcraking during oxygenation of the Y123 structure may lead to the appearance of hot sports during the operation of electrical devices. Oxygenation under high oxygen pressure and high temperature reduces the process duration and cracking hence leading to an increase of the critical current density and a reduction of the material anysotropy. The mechanical characteristics increase as well. The drawback of MgB2 ceramics can be its high sensitivity toward flux jumps, particularly reducing shield of AC magnetic fields. Manufacturing under high pressure results in dense MgB2 ceramics with a high mechanical perfomance. Both materials are promising for practical applications but futher reseach activity shoud be performed to undestand the mechanisms of their unique properties.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonAM-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Fernand Marquis; Session Monitor: TBA

12:45: [AdvancedMaterialsMonAM04] OS
Structure and mechanical characteristics of high pressure sintered ZrB2, HfB2 and ZrB2- TiB2, ZrB2-SiC composite materials.
Tetiana Prikhna¹ ; Anastasia Lokatkina² ; Viktor Moshchil³ ; Pavlo Barvitskiy³ ; Olexandr Borymskyi⁴ ; Florian Kongoli⁵ ; Fernand Marquis⁶ ; ¹V. Bakul Institute NASU, Kiev, Ukraine; ²Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; ³Institute for Superhard Materials, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁴V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; ⁵FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada; ⁶San Diego State University, San Diego, United States;
Paper Id: 286 [Abstract]

The ZrB₂ and HfB₂ materials are promising for application in hypersonic aerospace, cutting tools, metallurgy, microelectronics and refractory industries. The structure and properties of sintered under high pressure (4GPa) - high temperature (1800 ^oC) or HP-HT conditions ZrB₂, HfB₂, ZrB₂+30%TiB₂ and ZrB₂-20% SiC refractory materials are under consideration. HP-HT sintered HfB₂ (a=0.3141, c=0.3473 nm γ=10.42 g/cm³) demonstrated hardness HV(9.8 N)=21.27±0.84 GPa, HV(49 N)=19.29±1.34 GPa, and HV(98 N)=19.17±0.5 GPa and fracture toughness K1C(9.8 N)=6.47 MN×m0.5. High pressure sintered ZrB₂ (a=0.3167 , c=0.3528 nm, γ=6.1 g/cm³) demonstrated HV(9.8N)= 17.66±0.60 GPa, HV(49 N)= 15.25±1.22 GPa, and HV(98 N)= 15.32±0.36 GPa and K1C(9.8 N)=3.64 MN×m0.5. Addition of 30 wt.% of TiB₂ to ZrB₂ did not allow to increase hardness of the material essentially (HV(9.8 N)=17.75±2.36 GPa, γ=5.29 g/cm³ ). Addition of 20 wt.% of SiC to ZrB₂ and sintering under high pressure allowed essential increase of hardness to HV(9.8 N)=24.18±0.7 GPa, HV(49 N)=16.68±0.5 GPa, and HV(98 N)=17.59±0.4 GPa and fracture toughness (K1C(9.8 N)=6.49 ± 0.25 MN×m^0.5, K1C(49 N)=7.06± 1.55 MN×m^0.5 , K1C(98 N)=6.18± 1.24 MN×m^0.5) of composite ZrB₂- SiC material (γ=5.03 g/cm³).

SESSION: SolidStateChemistryMonPM1-R6	Alario-Franco international Symposium (2nd Intl Symp on Solid State Chemistry for Applications & Sustainable Development)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Andaman 1
Session Chairs: Udo Schwingenschlogl; Session Monitor: TBA

14:00: [SolidStateChemistryMonPM105] OS Keynote
Nano Hybrid Materials Systems for Multifunctional Applications
Fernand Marquis¹ ; ¹San Diego State University, San Diego, United States;
Paper Id: 177 [Abstract]

Carbon nanotubes and graphene are almost perfect molecules with truly amazing combinations of thermal, electrical and structural properties. In order to achieve their full potential they need to be fully integrated hybrid materials in all sorts of matrices. Full integration requires their development beyond conventional composites so that the level of the non-nano material is designed to integrate fully with the amount of nanotubes and graphene. Here the nano materials are part of the matrix rather than a differing component, as in the case of conventional composites. In order to advance the development of multifunctional materials integrating nanotubes and graphene, this research is focused on the simultaneous control of the nano architecture, structural properties, thermal and electrical conductivity of fully integrated hybrid materials. These hybrid materials systems are designed to surpass the limits of rule of mixtures in conventional composite design. The goals are to implement multifunctional designs to fully mimic the properties of carbon nanotubes and grapheme on larger scales for enhanced thermal and electrical management in addition to the control of other properties such as strength, toughness energy and power. These new approaches involve exfoliation, functionalization, dispersion, stabilization, alignment, polymerization, reaction bonding and coating in order to achieve full integration. Typical examples of structural applications of polymeric and ceramic matrices and applications in energy systems such as capacitors and batteries as well as other material systems are presented and discussed.

References:
1. Marquis, F.D.S. “Carbon Nanotube Nanostructured Hybrid Materials Systems for Renewable Energy Applications” JOM, Vol 63, 1 (2011) 48
2. Marquis, F.D.S. and L.P.F. Chibante “Improving the Heat Transfer of Nanofluids and Nanolubricants with Carbon Nanotubes” JOM, 12 (2005) 32-44.
3. Functional Composites of Carbon Nanotubes & Applications”, Lee, K-P, Gopalan, A.I. and Marquis, F.D.S. Marquis, Research Signpost (2009), ISBN 978-81-7895-413-4.
4. Marquis, F.D.S. “The Nanotechnology of Carbon Nanotube Nanofluids” in “Functional Composites of Carbon Nanotubes and Applications”, Lee, K-P, Gopalan, A.I. and Marquis, F.D.S. Marquis, ISBN 978-81-7895-413-4, (2009).