ORALS

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonAM-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Fernand Marquis; Session Monitor: TBA

12:45: [AdvancedMaterialsMonAM04] OS
Structure and mechanical characteristics of high pressure sintered ZrB2, HfB2 and ZrB2- TiB2, ZrB2-SiC composite materials.
Tetiana Prikhna¹ ; Anastasia Lokatkina² ; Viktor Moshchil³ ; Pavlo Barvitskiy³ ; Olexandr Borymskyi⁴ ; Florian Kongoli⁵ ; Fernand Marquis⁶ ; ¹V. Bakul Institute NASU, Kiev, Ukraine; ²Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; ³Institute for Superhard Materials, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁴V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; ⁵FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada; ⁶San Diego State University, San Diego, United States;
Paper Id: 286 [Abstract]

The ZrB₂ and HfB₂ materials are promising for application in hypersonic aerospace, cutting tools, metallurgy, microelectronics and refractory industries. The structure and properties of sintered under high pressure (4GPa) - high temperature (1800 ^oC) or HP-HT conditions ZrB₂, HfB₂, ZrB₂+30%TiB₂ and ZrB₂-20% SiC refractory materials are under consideration. HP-HT sintered HfB₂ (a=0.3141, c=0.3473 nm γ=10.42 g/cm³) demonstrated hardness HV(9.8 N)=21.27±0.84 GPa, HV(49 N)=19.29±1.34 GPa, and HV(98 N)=19.17±0.5 GPa and fracture toughness K1C(9.8 N)=6.47 MN×m0.5. High pressure sintered ZrB₂ (a=0.3167 , c=0.3528 nm, γ=6.1 g/cm³) demonstrated HV(9.8N)= 17.66±0.60 GPa, HV(49 N)= 15.25±1.22 GPa, and HV(98 N)= 15.32±0.36 GPa and K1C(9.8 N)=3.64 MN×m0.5. Addition of 30 wt.% of TiB₂ to ZrB₂ did not allow to increase hardness of the material essentially (HV(9.8 N)=17.75±2.36 GPa, γ=5.29 g/cm³ ). Addition of 20 wt.% of SiC to ZrB₂ and sintering under high pressure allowed essential increase of hardness to HV(9.8 N)=24.18±0.7 GPa, HV(49 N)=16.68±0.5 GPa, and HV(98 N)=17.59±0.4 GPa and fracture toughness (K1C(9.8 N)=6.49 ± 0.25 MN×m^0.5, K1C(49 N)=7.06± 1.55 MN×m^0.5 , K1C(98 N)=6.18± 1.24 MN×m^0.5) of composite ZrB₂- SiC material (γ=5.03 g/cm³).

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonPM1-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Tetiana Prikhna; Session Monitor: TBA

15:15: [AdvancedMaterialsMonPM108] OS
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS OF IRON OXIDES NANOPOWDERS OBTAINED BY THE ELECTRO-EROSION DISPERSION AND SINTERED FROM THEM BULKS AT HIGH-PRESSURE
Tetiana Prikhna¹ ; Mykola Monastyrov² ; Bernd Büchner³ ; Fernand D. S. Marquis⁴ ; Florian Kongoli⁵ ; Sebastian Gaß³ ; Aniruddha Sathyadharma Prasad³ ; Ivan Soldatov³ ; Pavel Potapov³ ; Kai Neufeld³ ; Vitaliy Romaka³ ; Lars Giebeler³ ; Valeriy Shatilo⁶ ; Myroslav Karpets⁷ ; Anja Wolter Giraud³ ; Alexander Borimskiy⁸ ; ¹V. Bakul Institute NASU, Kiev, Ukraine; ²Open International University of Human Development Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; ³Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden e. V., Dresden, Germany; ⁴United Nano technologies (UNT) and Integrated Materials Technologies and Systems (IMTS), Rapid City, United States; ⁵FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada; ⁶D.F. Chebotaryov Institute of Gerontology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; ⁷Institute for Superhard Materials, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁸V. Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
Paper Id: 394 [Abstract]

Nanodispersed iron oxides obtained by us using the electroerosion dispersion (EED) technology [1, 2] have a wide range of applications. The EED method can be used for recycling of metals chips and granules. The polyvalent nanopowders of iron oxides due to magnetic characteristics, in particular, are successfully used in medicine for blood thinning and as antianemic specimen of prolonged action to saturate the blood with oxygen and maintain saturation at the optimal level for human life; in animal husbandry as feed additives to accelerate the growth of livestock and in increasing the laying capacity of birds. In 2020-2021 the dietary supplement "Lisoferrin" and feed additive "Nano-Fe" were developed and certified in Ukraine, although the mechanism of their action the appertaining processes remain not fully understood. It has been observed that the developed nanopowders of iron oxides also have a positive effect on the treatment of a wide range of other diseases, such as: related to dementia, cognitive disorders, contribute to the reduction of blood sugar levels, accelerate the healing of purulent wounds in varicose veins and the fusion of broken bones, etc. In addition, the developed nanopowders are characterized by a high ability to absorb ultra-high-frequency radiation (higher than the commercial powders of iron oxide ‟Magsilica”, produced in Germany) [1], and are therefore promising for the production of shielding which absorb ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation. The iron oxide nanopowders developed in this research have a high adsorption capacity in relation to heavy metal ions [3] and are promising for water purification and wastewater treatment [3, 4]. From the point of view of magnetic properties, they are close to soft magnetic materials and demonstrate superparamagnetic behavior [1]. The bulk materials consolidated from the Fe-O nano powders under high pressure conditions (using 2 GPa pressure at 1200 and 1300 °C for 0.07 h in contact with hexagonal boron nitride) also exhibited soft magnetic behavior, which makes their use very promising in electrical engineering and in other branches of industrial technology. The structure of sintered materials was investigated by X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement and showed that the materials consolidated under 2 GPa at 900 and 1000 °C contained 75–80 wt.% FeO and 25–20 wt.% Fe, and the materials sintered at 1100 ^oC, in parallel with 32 wt. % FeO and 2 wt.% Fe was present contained a significant amount of Fe₃N: 66 wt.%. However, the structure of the same materials consolidated at 1200-1300 °C contained about 100% of the Fe₃N phase. Thus, under conditions of high pressures and temperatures with increasing sintering temperature, reduction of iron oxide was observed, followed by its nitriding with nitrogen released from the boron nitride, which led to improvement of soft magnetic characteristics of sintered materials.

References:
[1] B. Halbedel, T. Prikhna, P. Quiroz, T. Kups, M. Monastyrov, Current Applied Physics, 18(11) (2018) 1410–1414.
[2] M.K. Monastyrov, T.A. Prikhna, A.G. Mamalis, W. Gawalek, P.M. Talanchuk, R.V. Shekera Nanotechnology Perceptions, 4 (2008) 179–187.
[3] M. Monastyrov, T. Prikhna, B. Halbedel, A.G. Mamalis, O. Prysiazhna, Nanotechnology Perceptions. 15(1) (2019) 48–57. N24MO18A
[4] G. Kochetov, T. Prikhna, D. Samchenko, O. Prysiazhna, M. Monastyrov, V. Moshchil, A. Mamalis, Nanotechnology Perceptions, 17(1) (2021) 9–12.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonPM2-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Stanislaw Pietrzyk; Session Monitor: TBA

16:20: [AdvancedMaterialsMonPM210] OS
Oxidation resistance of Ti-Al-C MAX phases-based bulk materials and coatings at high-temperatures
Tetiana Prikhna¹ ; Orest Ostash² ; Alexander Kuprin³ ; Viktoriya Podhurska⁴ ; Thierry Cabioc'h⁵ ; Tetiana Serbenyuk⁶ ; Viktor Moshchil⁷ ; Vladimir Sverdun⁶ ; Myroslav Karpets⁷ ; Semyon Ponomarov⁸ ; Alexandra Starostina⁶ ; Fernand D. S. Marquis⁹ ; Florian Kongoli¹⁰ ; ¹V. Bakul Institute NASU, Kiev, Ukraine; ²Karpenko Physical-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine; ³National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine; ⁴Physico-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine; ⁵Universite de Poitiers, CNRS/Laboratoire PHYMAT, Chasseneuil Futuroscope Cedex, France; ⁶Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁷Institute for Superhard Materials, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁸Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁹United Nano technologies (UNT) and Integrated Materials Technologies and Systems (IMTS), Rapid City, United States; ¹⁰FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada;
Paper Id: 284 [Abstract]

The, results of variations of structure in oxidizing atmosphere at high temperatures (after heating and thermocycling up to 600 – 1400 ^oC), and electrical conductivity (after long time heating at 600 ^oC) of MAX Ti₂AlC-, Ti₃AlC₂- and (Ti,Nb)₃AlC₂-based bulk materials with different porosity (prepared by synthesis in vacuum and/or by hot pressing) and coatings (vacuum-arc deposited) are presented. The characteristics of highly dense Ti-Al-C composite bulks and vacuum-arc deposited 6 m thick coatings before and after heating at 600 ^°C in air for 1000 h were compared. High electrical conductivity ((The, results of variations of structure in oxidizing atmosphere at high temperatures (after heating and thermocycling up to 600 – 1400 ^oC), and electrical conductivity (after long time heating at 600 ^oC) of MAX Ti₂AlC-, Ti₃AlC₂- and (Ti,Nb)₃AlC₂-based bulk materials with different porosity (prepared by synthesis in vacuum and/or by hot pressing) and coatings (vacuum-arc deposited) are presented. The characteristics of highly dense Ti-Al-C composite bulks and vacuum-arc deposited 6 &#181;m thick coatings before and after heating at 600 °C in air for 1000 h were compared. High electrical conductivity (<i>delta</i> m/S =1.3•10⁶ S/m) of the highly resistant toward oxidation (<i>delta</i> m/S=0.07 mg/cm²) Ti-Al-C coating was preserved after long-term heating in air. It was found that the specimen surface layers of MAX-phases Ti₃AlC₂ and Ti₂AlC based bulks and chromium-containing Crofer 22APU steel became semiconductors because of high-temperature long-term oxidation (at 600 ^°C). The vacuum-arc deposited Ti-Al-C coating revealed high oxidation resistance and electrical conductivity along with good mechanical characteristics, namely nanohardness H (10 mN)= 9.5±1.5 GPa, and Young’s modulus E=190±10 GPa, which make it very promising for interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Acknowledgements The investigations were performed in the frames of the project NATO SPS G5773 “Advanced Material Engineering to Address Emerging Security Challenges” for 2020-2023, the project 03-03-20 of Ukrainian-Belorussian cooperation for 2020-2021, and the projects III-3-20 (0779), III-5-19 (0778), and II-5-19 (ІНМ-29/20) supported by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

SESSION: IronMonAM-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Yakov Gordon; Session Monitor: TBA

12:20: [IronMonAM03] OS Plenary
FLOGEN CONTOP – AN INTEGRATED DESIGN, DECISION-MAKING, CONTROL, OPTIMIZATION AND AUTOMATION SYSTEM FOR IRON ORE MANAGEMENT AND BLAST FURNACES PROCESSES
Florian Kongoli¹ ; Marcos De Souza² ; ¹FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada; ²FLOGEN Technologies Inc, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
Paper Id: 547 [Abstract]

FLOGEN Technologies Inc. has developed an integrated Design/Decision-Making/Control/Optimization/Automation System combines several needs on supply side, on production side, on metal sales side and on financial side. It supports cost prediction and cost follow up on the energy and consumables side and is integrated with databases that manages numerous types of essays. This has been at various blast furnaces of pig iron. The system instantaneously makes a complete optimization of all raw materials, including limestone, silica, air and oxygen volumes, in order to achieve specific targets according to the needs of the company. The main achievements of the implementation of the FLOGEN CONTOP system were the increase of the pig iron production by about 14% and the decrease of total consumption of charcoal (breeze and fines) by about 4%. Additionally, fines injected through the tuyeres were decreased, temperature and composition of slag and pig iron (including Si and P) were better controlled and silica addition as a flux was minimized. An overall instantaneous mass and energy balance helped fix various mechanical and procedural problems in the plant. CONTOP system was also successfully used to determine the annual procurement strategies by predicting various raw material cost-based scenarios related to productivity and fuel consumption in short- and long-term future. CONTOP increased productivity and reduced cost up to the highest designed limit of the technology. CONTOP also changed the way of operating from a reactive wait-the-lab-results-approach to a proactive forecast-and-act approach.

SESSION: IronMonAM-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Mon. 28 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Yakov Gordon; Session Monitor: TBA

12:45: [IronMonAM04] OS
Control and Optimization of FeSiMn Alloy Production through FLOGEN CONTOP System
Thamara Rodrigues Silva¹ ; Igor Tiago Santos¹ ; Josenilson Braga Maia¹ ; Rodrigo Junqueira Dos Santos Santos¹ ; Marcos De Souza² ; Redouane Merdjani³ ; Florian Kongoli⁴ ; ¹Maringa, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ²FLOGEN Technologies Inc, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ³FLOGEN TECHNOLOGIES INC., Mont-Royal, Canada; ⁴FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada;
Paper Id: 550 [Abstract]

The application of the FLOGEN Decision Making, Control and Optimization system in an electric furnace for the production of FeSiMn alloy, made possible to simultaneously optimize electrical resistance of the furnace, reduce specific energy consumption, reduce MnO losses in the slag from and average of 14% to 5-8%, to better control of alloy specifications with much greater flexibility in using multiple and low quality raw materials. This paper will present the general features and control system as well as the main results

SESSION: NonferrousTuePM1-R5	8th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Non-ferrous Smelting & Hydro/Electrochemical Processing
Tue. 29 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 2
Session Chairs: TBA Session Monitor: TBA

14:25: [NonferrousTuePM106] OS
FLOGEN CONTOP – AN INTEGRATED DESIGN, DECISION-MAKING, CONTROL, OPTIMIZATION AND AUTOMATION SYSTEM FOR PIERCE SMITH CONVERTERS COUPLED WITH RAW MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
Florian Kongoli¹ ; Marcos De Souza² ; ¹FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada; ²FLOGEN Technologies Inc, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
Paper Id: 551 [Abstract]

FLOGEN Technologies Inc. has developed an integrated Design/Decision-Making/Control/Optimization/Automation System for Pierce Smith Converters (offline and on-line) that combines several needs on supply side (in origin and from previous reactors), on production side, on metal sales side and on financial side. It supports cost prediction and cost follow up on the energy and consumables side and is integrated with databases that manages numerous types of essays. The system instantaneously makes a complete optimization of all raw materials, including limestone, silica, enriched air volumes etc, to achieve specific targets according to the needs of the company. The results indicate the possibility to decrease the amount of silica used as a flux, minimize the slag and copper blowing time, maximize the use of reverts, minimize slag volume, and decrease copper losses in the slag. The system finds the optimum of the charge among various scenarios while the main process parameters (such as bath temperature, sulfur content in the blister and copper in the slag) are calculated during the operation, providing a clearer overview of the process, and supporting the determination of slag and copper blowing end point. The presentation will describe some of these achievements. CONTOP system was also successfully used to determine the annual procurement strategies by predicting various raw material cost-based scenarios related to productivity and fuel consumption in short- and long-term future. CONTOP increased productivity and reduced cost up to the highest designed limit of the technology. CONTOP also changed the way of operating from a reactive wait-the-lab-results-approach to a proactive forecast-and-act approach.

SESSION: EnergyAM-Rpending	Mauntz International Symposium (7th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Energy Production: Fossil; Renewables; Nuclear; Waste handling , processing, & storage for all energy production technologies; Energy conservation)
/ Room:
Session Chairs: TBA Session Monitor: TBA

: [EnergyAM] OS
NUCLEAR POWER SATISFIES FLOGEN SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK
Florian Kongoli¹ ; Alexander Montanaro² ; ¹FLOGEN Technologies, Mont-Royal, Canada; ²FLOGEN Technologies Inc, Montreal, Canada;
Paper Id: 562 [Abstract]

The following paper discusses the potential for nuclear power to satisfy the Flogen Sustainability Framework (FSF). The FSF focuses on three main criteria: environmental protection, economic development, and social development. Nuclear power can satisfy all three criteria simultaneously. Environmental protection is achieved by providing carbon-free energy. This is analyzed by using Germany’s nuclear phase-out as a case study and comparing the relative differences in their cumulative carbon emissions between the years 2000 to 2018. Economic development can be achieved when nuclear is given an even playing field, where fossil fuels are not subsidized. France has deployed an entire fleet of reactors and achieved one of the lowest electricity prices and lowest carbon footprint per capita among European nations. Furthermore, analyses of levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) in the United States has shown that nuclear power can be competitive with other alternative energy sources. Thirdly, the aggregated social costs of not maintaining or deploying more nuclear reactors can be enormous. In the aftermath of the Fukushima incident, the deaths caused by rising electricity prices due to imported fossil fuels were higher than the deaths from the disaster itself. Moreover, there are millions of deaths and labor-days lost due to fossil fuel induced air pollution every year. This puts a heavy cost on productivity, as well as on the healthcare systems of individual nations. Lastly, the issue of nuclear waste is addressed by exploring possible solutions with current technology through reduction, recycling, and storage.