ORALS

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsTueAM-R10	6th Intl. Symp. on New & Advanced Materials & Technologies for Energy, Environment, Health & Sustainable Development
Tue. 29 Nov. 2022 / Room: Saitong
Session Chairs: Paulo Assis; Session Monitor: TBA

11:30: [AdvancedMaterialsTueAM01] OS
Antifouling activity of natural seaweed products of the Brazilian coast. A review.
Camila Freitas De Araújo¹ ; Adriano Batista² ; Bernardo Da Gama³ ; Jorge Murta⁴ ; Paulo Assis⁵ ; ¹Federal University of Ouro Preto - UFOP/REDEMAT, Ouro Preto, Brazil; ²IFMG, Ouro Preto, Brazil; ³UFF, Niterói, Brazil; ⁴Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil; ⁵University of Ouro Preto / REDEMAT, Ouro Preto, Brazil;
Paper Id: 143 [Abstract]

The golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) is a species of bivalve mollusc introduced in Brazil via ballast water in the 1990s. Given the biological and ecological characteristics of the species, as well as the favorable environment in the country for its proliferation, the golden mussel has become an exotic invasive species that has caused several problems in the aquatic environment because of its ability to form colonies in structures. The species adheres on the surfaces by protein filaments, causing serious environmental, social and economic damages, provoking structural and functional alterations in the ecosystems and damages to the human activities.<br />The challenge presented consists of biological fouling combat through treating underwater surfaces with freshwater natural products, in particular those from red algae. Fouling control tends to arouse the interest of shipbuilders, marine vessel operators, fish farming in tanks and hydroelectric power plants. In Brazil, the chemical treatment against the incrustation of the golden mussel, for example, made only in three hydroelectric power plants in Minas Gerais, has annual cost of R$ 1,494,000.00 [1].<br />With the worldwide ban of TBT-based antifouling paints since 2008, alternative, environmentally safe treatments gain more appeal, considering the risk associated with the alternative products currently in use. Natural marine products have since been recognized as a promising alternative for the replacement of commercially used antifouling until the moment [2].<br />A selection of natural seaweed products with antifouling activity may provide effective results with little or no environmental impact compared to currently used products [3], while contributing to the understanding of ecological functions and mechanisms of metabolic production secondary. At least 18 different regulatory biocides are currently being used as an alternative to tributyltin free antifouling paints, but these also pose some threat to the aquatic environment. In fact, even biocide-free antifouling paints are toxic to marine organisms over a broad spectrum [4]. For this reason there is still an urgent demand for new low-impact anti-fouling products.<br />This article aims to disseminate this broad line of research and consolidate information about the potential of marine organisms as producers of secondary metabolites (natural products) with antifouling activity, in the light of scientific production.<br />Key words: Golden Mussel; red algae; anti-fouling products; secondary metabolites; tributyltin.

References:
REFERENCES:\n[1] CEMIG. Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais. O mexilhão Dourado, uma ameaça às águas e hidrelétricas brasileiras. Ed. CEMIG, Belo Horizonte, p. 24, 2014.\n[2] Bhadury, P.& Wright, P.C. (2004). Exploitation of marine algae: biogenic compounds for potential antifouling applications. Planta, v. 219, p. 561–578.\n[3] DA GAMA, B. A. P. et al. The Effects of Seaweed Secondary Metabolites on Biofouling. Biofouling, v. 18, n. 1, p. 13-20, 2002.\n[4] Löschau, M.&Krätke, R. (2005). Efficacy and toxicity of self-polishing biocide-free antifouling paints. Environmental Pollution, v. 138, p. 260–267.

SESSION: IronWedAM-R3	Poveromo International Symposium (8th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron & Steel Making)
Wed. 30 Nov. 2022 / Room: Arcadia 1
Session Chairs: Mery-Cecilia Gomez Marroquin; Paulo Assis; Session Monitor: TBA

11:55: [IronWedAM02] OS Keynote
THE FUTURE OF THE STEEL INDUSTRY WITH LESS GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSIONS
Alex Campos¹ ; Ana Laura Nascimento² ; Paulo Assis³ ; Jorge Murta² ; ¹Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Branco, Brazil; ²Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil; ³UFOP, Ouro Preto, Brazil;
Paper Id: 155 [Abstract]

The steel industry is known for the large amount of greenhouse gases emitted in the atmosphere in its processes, mainly for the burning of fossil fuels. The sector is responsible for about 10% of all CO2 emitted in the world, which 70% comes from the burning of coal and coke in the blast furnace. In the short term, we have as reality the use of electric steelworks, it means, the production of steel from scrap and other inputs. Electric steelworks are already commonly known and have the advantage that is not necessary burning fossil fuels. However, a high demand for electricity is necessary, which in some countries has a high cost, making the business unfeasible. The use of hydrogen in the production of primary iron has been studied and is pointed as an interesting alternative, although the cost of obtaining it and the forms of use need to be better defined making it a long-term possibility. Another possibility is the use of biomass in the processes, that has been studied and in some small blast furnaces it is used, mainly in Brazil. This is an alternative that can be envisioned in some countries once there is availability of these materials, requiring only some adaptations of processes for implementation. Therefore, this work comes with the purpose of showing some alternatives for the future of steel companies with the increase of emission restrictions, focusing mainly on a short to medium term solution that are biomasses.