ORALS

SESSION: OxidativeThuAM-R5	Intl. Symp. on Oxidative Stress for Sustainable Development of Human Beings
Thu Oct, 24 2019 / Room: Zeus (55/Mezz. F)
Session Chairs: Christian Amatore; HARUHIKO INUFUSA; Session Monitor: TBA

11:20: [OxidativeThuAM01]
The Effect of Ginseng on Human Antioxidant Capacity
Hiroshi Ichikawa¹ ; Yuta Noguchi² ; Maryam Shafei² ; Chiharu Myo² ; Keiko Kobayashi³ ; Yukiko Minamiyama⁴ ; Haruhiko .inufusa⁵ ; Toshikazu Yoshikawa⁶ ; ¹Doshisha University, Kyotanabe City, Japan; ²Major of Medical Life Systems, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe City, Japan; ³Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan; ⁴Kyoto Prefectural University, KYoto, Japan; ⁵CEO, TIMA/Gifu University, Osaka, Japan; ⁶Louis Pasteur Center for Med. Res., Tohoku, Japan;
Paper Id: 219 [Abstract]

Ginseng has been reported about for its immunostimulation and its effects on various diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cancer. In this study, from the viewpoint of antioxidant and oxidative stress, the influence of ginseng on humans was examined. By using the MULTIple free-radical Scavenging (MULTIS method), we measured the scavenging activity of the reactive oxygen species: hydroxyl radical (・OH), superoxide radical (O₂^・-), alkyloxy radical (RO・), alkyl peroxy radical (ROO・), methyl radical (・CH₃), and singlet oxygen (¹O₂). We also evaluated the antioxidant capacity multifaceted. On the first day, subjects’ samples (plasma and saliva) were taken before ingesting ginseng tablets (n=5). After that, the samples were taken again, 4 hours after the administration of 18 tablets. They continued taking 18 tablets per day from the second day to the sixth day. On the seventh day, the samples were collected. The antioxidant capacity of the samples was examined using the MULTIS method. By ingestion of ginseng tablets, the ・OH scavenging activity of samples increased after 1 week. Also, plasma ・CH₃, and saliva O₂^・- scavenging activity increased. It was suggested that ginseng improved the antioxidant capacity of human.

References:
1. Chasing great paths of Helmut Sies "Oxidative Stress".
Majima HJ, Indo HP, Nakanishi I, Suenaga S, Matsumoto K, Matsui H, Minamiyama Y, Ichikawa H, Yen HC, Hawkins CL, Davies MJ, Ozawa T, St Clair DK
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 595 54-60 2016
2. A mitochondrial superoxide theory for oxidative stress diseases and aging
Indo Hiroko P., Yen Hsiu-Chuan, Nakanishi Ikuo, Matsumoto Ken-ichiro, Tamura Masato, Nagano Yumiko, Matsui Hirofumi, Gusev Oleg, Cornette Richard, Okuda Takashi, Minamiyama Yukiko, Ichikawa Hiroshi, Suenaga Shigeaki, Oki Misato, Sato Tsuyoshi, Ozawa Toshihiko, St Clair Daret K., Majima Hideyuki J.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION 56(1) 1-7 2015

SESSION: OxidativeThuAM-R5	Intl. Symp. on Oxidative Stress for Sustainable Development of Human Beings
Thu Oct, 24 2019 / Room: Zeus (55/Mezz. F)
Session Chairs: Christian Amatore; HARUHIKO INUFUSA; Session Monitor: TBA

11:45: [OxidativeThuAM02]
Exposome-Induced Oxidative Stress and Protective Effects of Antioxidants in Rats
Yukiko Minamiyama¹ ; Keiko Kobayashi² ; Ririko Kawatani³ ; Hiroshi Ichikawa⁴ ; Shigekazu Takemura⁵ ; Fuhua (fukka) Yang (you)⁶ ; Haruhiko Inufusa⁷ ; Toshikazu Yoshikawa⁸ ; ¹Kyoto Prefectural University, KYoto, Japan; ²Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan; ³Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan; ⁴Doshisha University, Kyotanabe City, Japan; ⁵Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan; ⁶Gifu University Division of Anaerobe Research, Gifu, Japan; ⁷TIMA Japan Corporation, Gifu, Japan; ⁸Louis Pasteur Center for Med. Res., Tohoku, Japan;
Paper Id: 196 [Abstract]

The exposome can be defined as the totality of exposures (diet, lifestyle, occupational, and environmental factors) received by an individual throughout the entire lifetime. It is unclear how these exposures are related to health. There is an increasing trend to intake food additives due to food mileage extension and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, we investigated the effect of aspartame (APM), an artificial sweetener, and ortho-phenyl phenol (OPP), a broad-spectrum fungicide and antibacterial agent, on oxidative stress in rats. APM (250 mg/kg/day; 1/16 NOAEL) or OPP (1 &#u181;g/kg/day; 1/10⁵ NOAEL) were administered to rats for &#~8776;eight weeks, through their mixed diet and drinking water, respectively. Administration of both exposomes for two weeks led to a significant reduction in reactive oxygen specie (ROS)-scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals in plasma. In epididymis and hippocampus, both exposome treatments increased the 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) levels, an index of lipid peroxidation. APM treatment for two weeks increased ROS generation in sperms without motility changes. Moreover, APM treatment for eight weeks slightly decreased sperm motility. Furthermore, amyloid beta (Abeta) levels were significantly increased in both epididymis and hippocampus after two weeks of OPP administration, that may be related to male infertility and dementia. Pretreatment with the antioxidant Twendee X (20 mg/kg/day; TIMA Japan) inhibited the Abeta level increase in both tissues. In conclusion, our data indicate that some exposomes systemically induce oxidative stress and increase Abeta levels in both epididymis and hippocampus. These results suggested that effective antioxidants such as Twendee X can inhibit exposome-induced oxidative stress in male infertility and neurodegenerative diseases.

References:
1. Takemura S, Ichikawa H, Naito Y, Takagi T, Yoshikawa T, Minamiyama Y. S-allyl cysteine ameliorates the quality of sperm and provides protection from age-related sperm dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats.\nJ Clin Biochem Nutr. 2014 Nov;55(3):155-61.\n2. Minamiyama Y, Ichikawa H, Takemura S, Kusunoki H, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T. Generation of reactive oxygen species in sperms of rats as an earlier marker for evaluating the toxicity of endocrine-disrupting chemicals.\nFree Radic Res. 2010 Dec;44(12):1398-406.