ORALS

SESSION: MoltenSatAM-R1	Angell International Symposium on Molten Salt, Ionic & Glass-forming Liquids: Processing and Sustainability (7th Intl. Symp. on Molten Salt, Ionic & Glass-forming Liquids: Processing and Sustainability).
Sat Oct, 26 2019 / Room: Ambrosia A (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Anders Riisager; Adam Clancy; Session Monitor: TBA

12:10: [MoltenSatAM03]
Selective recovery of Neodynium from NdFeB magnets in molten salts
Patrick J. Masset¹ ; Mickael Mery² ; ¹Technallium Engineering & Consulting, Steinberg am See, Germany; ²Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Sulzbach-Rosenberg, Germany;
Paper Id: 268 [Abstract]

Rare earths (RE) elements are becoming very important for current and future industrial products, such as computers, LCD screens and lasers, but also for so-called "green technologies", such as wind turbines, electric cars and bicycles [1]. Due to highly volatile markets, the high environmental impacts, and the geopolitical challenges of raw material supply and production, many efforts are made worldwide to develop new recycling processes. Only a few countries have access to neodymium; China dominates the world production with above 90 % of the whole market. According to a recent study of the European Union [2] and the US Department of Energy [3], the RE elements are the most critical raw material resource. Despite extensive research activities in this field, only about 1 % of the RE elements are currently recycled. [4] Currently, different processes are used or investigated for the recovery of neodymium, such as hydrometallurgy, glass-based method, and direct melting. In this work, we investigate the selective recovery of neodymium by using pyrochemical based processes. Anodically, Nd is dissolved selectively from the NdFeB matrix and metallic Nd is recovered at the cathode. It was shown that electrolyte composition is crucial as it impacts the electrolysis efficiency significantly. Mass balance and Nd recovered analysis confirms the results of the electrochemical investigations and electrolysis runs.

References:
[1] NDR, Neodym: Das schmutzige Geheimnis sauberer Windräder, Pressemitteilung des Norddeutschen Rundfunks, http://www.ndr.de/unternehhmen/presse/pressemitteillungen/pressemeldungndr8137.html.
[2] Commission, Critical raw materials for the EU, Report of the Ad-hoc Working Group on defining critical raw materials, 2010.
[3] U.S. Department of Energy, Critical materials strategy, 2011.
[4] K. Binnemans, P. T. Jones, B. Blanpain, T. Van Gerven, Y. Yang, A. Walton and M. Buchert, J. Clean. Prod., 2013, 51, 1-22.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsSatPM2-R2	5th Intl. Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
Sat Oct, 26 2019 / Room: Leda (99/Mezz. F)
Session Chairs: Nadezda Stevulova; Liudmila Lisitsyna; Session Monitor: TBA

16:45: [AdvancedMaterialsSatPM211]
Hydrotalcite Derived Nano-Catalysts in Dry Reforming of Methane Process
Djamilla. Halliche¹ ; Patrick J. Masset² ; Zoulikha Abdelsadek³ ; ¹Laboratory of Chemistry and Natural Gas, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria; ²Technallium Engineering & Consulting, Steinberg am See, Germany; ³Laboratory of Chemistry and Natural Gas, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of M’hamed Bougara, ALgiers, Algeria;
Paper Id: 199 [Abstract]

In the frame of the reduction of greenhouse gases, hydrotalcite nano-catalysts become a key component in the process of the dry reforming of methane (DRM). This process is now intensely investigated, both academically and industrially. The DRM reaction leads to the production of syngas with a lower H₂/CO ratio (= 1) which is appropriate for the Fischer-Tropsch and methanol syntheses. The use of hydrotalcite at the industrial level, however, faces key issues such as the sintering of the active phase and the deactivation of catalysts by carbon deposits. This presentation provides an understanding of the overview of the key issues of the use of hydrotalcite in the DRM process. This will be illustrated by some examples including selection of materials, catalyst synthesis, alternative materials and synthesis routes, their characterisation, performance in term of conversion efficiency, and ageing ability regarding the DRM process. Finally, a comprehensive review of the developed materials so far and current trends in the development of material combination will be provided.

References:
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SESSION: ChemistryThuPM2-R9	Tressaud International Symposium on Solid State Chemistry for Applications and Sustainable Development
Thu Oct, 24 2019 / Room: Aphrodite A (100/Gr. F)
Session Chairs: Teofilo Rojo; Aline ROUGIER; Session Monitor: TBA

17:10: [ChemistryThuPM212]
Preparation, characterization and application of the hydrotalcite nanoparticles derived catalysts in dry reforming of methane
Zoulikha Abdelsadek¹ ; Patrick J. Masset² ; ¹Laboratory of Chemistry and Natural Gas, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of M’hamed Bougara, ALgiers, Algeria; ²Technallium Engineering & Consulting, Steinberg am See, Germany;
Paper Id: 197 [Abstract]

Hydrotalcite-based nanomaterials have gained considerable interest by academic and industrial researchers due to their properties in several industrial domains such as in medicine, the pharmaceutical industry, catalysis, electrochemistry, and in polymerization reactions [1, 3]. Catalytic properties can especially be tuned due their double lamellar sheet structure charged positively where divalent M²⁺ and trivalent M³⁺metals are located. In the present work, hydrotalcite-derived samples based on Ni and Co (NiMgAl, CoMgAl and NiCoMgAl) were prepared by low saturation coprecipitation at constant basic pH (pH = 11). The precursors were calcined at 450°C (4°C/min) for 6 hours. After that, the temperature was reduced to 700°C (4°C/min) during 1 hour. All obtained solids (none calcined, calcined and reduced) were characterized by several physico-chemical analysis methods (DRX, SAA, FTIR, SEM, MET, RTP, ATG/ATD and BET).The catalysts obtained were tested in dry reforming of methane (DRM), considered as promising for the production of syngas (H₂ + CO) in order to reduce the footprint of greenhouses gas (CH₄, CO₂), which is one of the keys of the climate transition. Catalytic testing of DRM for the series of the catalysts (NiMgAl-HTc-R, CoMgAl-HTc-R and NiCoMgAl-HTc-R) was carried out at 700°C (4°C/min) for 20 hours. The catalytic performances of examined solids showed the following sequence:<br />NiMgAl-HTc-R >NiCoMgAl-HTc-R >>>>CoMgAl-HTc-R.<br />NiMgAl-HTc-R was found to exhibit the best catalytic activity, selectivity with the highest resistance to the carbon poisoning and was ascribed to the good textural and structural features presented by NiMgAl-HTc-R such as high surface area, strong basic character and well dispersion of the active phase.

References:
[1] F. Cavani, F. Trifirb, A. Vaccari., Catal. Today, 11 (1991) 173.
[2] A. Vaccari., Catal. Today, 41 (1998) 53.
[3] C. Forano, T. Hibino, F. Leroux,Taviot-Guiho, Handbook of Clay Science, 1 (2006) 1021.
[4] L.A. Rodrigues, A. Figueiras, F.Veiga, R. M. Freitas, Colloids and Surfaces Biointerfaces, 103 (2013) 642.