ORALS

Modern experimental material has given reason to believe that the key points in the development of scientific concepts about the nature and mechanism of physicochemical processes are the following provisions of M Faraday: the identity of energy manifestations in the interaction of material objects and the discrete nature of electric current. Developed without taking into account the work of M. Faraday, the theory allowed not to take into account the identity of energy manifestations in the interaction of material objects. Hence, there was a lack of work to determine the real mechanism of heat transfer between material objects. This circumstance influenced the lack of attention to the use of the discontinuity of electric current for practical use. We have shown that a change in a wide range of electrical signal parameters can promote unusual chemical reactions and physicochemical processes at the interface and in condensed systems. Phase transitions in an oxide melt can occur without noticeable thermal effects. That is, the structure of this liquid does not only depend on the chemical composition and temperature. Under the influence of electromagnetic fields, the conductivity of the melts may decrease with increasing temperature and change at a constant temperature. Crossed electromagnetic fields cause phase and quantitative division of melts of both synthetic oxide melts, and oxide-sulfide multicomponent systems, etc. The possibility of dissolving metallic molybdenum in alkaline solutions has been established experimentally. The dissolution rate is not proportional to the frequency of the current and the dissolution stops as the current frequency increases. Dissolution ceases at any current parameters and concentrations of potassium oxide at temperatures above 75 ^oC. The dissolution of molybdenum does not occur at any current parameters if the concentration of potassium oxide exceeds 9%. It was shown that the electrical signal at the metal aluminum / aluminate solution interface accelerates the decomposition of the aluminate solution by at least 4 times (in some cases, from 45 hours to 8 hours). Studies have been conducted on the use of a sulfurgraphite composite electrode for organizing a parallel process for the formation of a leaching agent (sulfuric acid, sodium thiosulfate, etc.) and for the extraction of metals into a solution from various metal-containing raw materials. These and our other experimental data can serve as a basis for revising some theoretical concepts in the natural sciences and creating effective technological processes.