ORALS

SESSION: IronFriPM2-R8	Usui International Symposium on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making (7th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making)
Fri Oct, 25 2019 / Room: Ambrosia B (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Taichi Murakami; Cyro Takano; Session Monitor: TBA

16:20: [IronFriPM210] Plenary
Binders for Cold Agglomerations with Perspective for Strengthening at High Processing Temperatures
Cyro Takano¹ ; Tiago Ribeiro² ; Marcelo Mourao¹ ; ¹University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ²Institute for Technological Research, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
Paper Id: 372 [Abstract]

There are many articles and some reviews on inorganic [1] and organic binders [2] for agglomeration of ores. Most of them are related with obtaining enough strengths at green and dried stages (avoiding degradation during transport and processing) and after sintering (firing). For iron ore pellets, using 0.7% sodium bentonite as binder, the firing temperatures is around 1300oC and energy consumption represents highest cost of the pelletizing process. The cold agglomeration presents benefits for saving energy with consequences for environment. The cold agglomeration process using cement as binder is well known but presents two negative constraints: i) needs high (around 7%) content of the binder, resulting in slag increment; and ii) since the strength is given during curing by hydration, mainly of tri-calcium silicate, it starts the decompose at high temperatures and the strength of the pellets go down, reaching the minimum around at 950oC (increasing degradation). The objective of this paper is to analyze how may compose the organic and inorganic binders, in a synergetic effect, such that during reduction (temperature above 600oC) the agglomerates keeps its strength without much degradation. For carbon-ore composite agglomerates (self-reducing) the consolidated process is to use the properties of high fluidity coal and treat it thermally to serve as reducer and binder. The preliminary results, using bentonite and boric acid, are indicating hot strength of the pellets better than those obtained with the use of cement.

References:
[1] Eisele TC, Kawatra SK. A review of binders in iron ore pelletization. Mineral Processing & Extractive Metall. Rev., 24 (2003) 1-90.
[2]Halt JA, Kawatra SK. Review of organic binders for iron ore concentrate agglomeration. Minerals & Metallurgical Processing v.31 no. 2 (May 2014) 73-94.

SESSION: IronFriPM2-R8	Usui International Symposium on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making (7th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making)
Fri Oct, 25 2019 / Room: Ambrosia B (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Taichi Murakami; Cyro Takano; Session Monitor: TBA

16:45: [IronFriPM211] Keynote
Method for measuring charcoal bulk compression strength
Solon Tagusagawa¹ ; Martim H.n. Kurauchi² ; Cyro Takano³ ; Tiago Ribeiro⁴ ; Marcelo Mourao³ ; Cesar Yuji Narita⁵ ; ¹USP - Universidade De Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ²University of Sao Paulo Polytechnic School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ³University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ⁴Institute for Technological Research, Sao Paulo, Brazil; ⁵Polytechnic School of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
Paper Id: 385 [Abstract]

Charcoal is an existing alternative to the use of coal and coke in the metallurgical industry, but it has inherently low mechanical strength. The existing methods to evaluate charcoal compression strength rely on preparing test specimens free of defects and compress it in the direction of the fibres. Since charcoal is anisotropic, these tests may not reveal the behaviour of charcoal, as a whole, when suffering compressive loads. As a consequence, such approach may not relate to industrial conditions, where the load on charcoal is not only on the direction of the fibres. This paper proposes a new method to quantify the effects of applying a compressing load on randomly distributed bulk charcoal, simulating what would be expected in industrial conditions, such as in a blast furnace, rather than the analysis of individual pieces of charcoal. It is shown that the results are normally distributed when analysed by means of the friability index proposed by ASTM D440.

References:
(1) The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production. Antal Jr., Michael Jerry e Gronli, Morten. 42, s.l. : Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2003.
(2) Análise do processo de produção de carvão vegetal para siderurgia. Ribeiro, Tiago R., et al., et al. Vila Velha : Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia, Materiais e Mineração, 2011. ISSN: 2176-3135.
(3) Mechanical properties of acacia and eucalyptus wood chars. Kumar, M, Verma, B. B. e Gupta, R. C. 21, s.l. : Energy Sources, 1999. ISSN: 0090-8312.
(4) Bulk compression characteristics of straw and hay. Nona, Kenny D., et al., et al. 118, s.l. : Biosystems Engineering, 2014. ISSN: 1537-5110.