ORALS

SESSION: IronThuPM1-R8	Usui International Symposium on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making (7th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making)
Thu Oct, 24 2019 / Room: Ambrosia B (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Jose Adilson de Castro; Basant Kumar Singh; Session Monitor: TBA

14:00: [IronThuPM105] Keynote
Hydrogen Shaft Furnace Process Using Bio-Self-Reducing Agglomerates
Jose Adilson De Castro¹ ; Giulio Antunes De Medeiros² ; Jonni Guiller Ferreira Madeira³ ; Elizabeth Oliveira⁴ ; Marcos De Campos¹ ; ¹UFF - Federal Fluminense University, Volta Redonda, Brazil; ²UFF-Programa de Pos Graduação em Engenharia Metalurgica, Volta Redonda, Brazil; ³CEFET-Angra dos Reis, Angra dos Reis, Brazil; ⁴Center for Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Valenca, Brazil;
Paper Id: 206 [Abstract]

The reduction of pellets and lump ores in the shaft furnace process is widely used to produce direct reduced iron (DRI). The traditional process of DRI production uses a gas reforming system based on catalytic reactions and demands high amount of fossil source energy from natural gas. A new hydrogen-based process has been proposed. In this study, we propose to combine self-reducing characteristics with hydrogen technology with self-catalytic reactions to avoid the natural gas-based reforming step. We analyzed this new technology using an in-house computational code. The computational analysis is a numerical model based on transport equations of momentum, energy and chemical species for gas and solid phases to reproduce the inner phenomena in the direct reduction of the shaft furnace process for producing DRI. The model is used to investigate promising scenarios of hydrogen-based technology. Four cases were considered using partial replacement of the burden by bio-self-reducing agglomerates combining with hydrogen and oxygen injections on the bustle level. The inner temperature, pressure and phase composition distributions are discussed for the selected scenarios. The simulation results indicated that the efficiency of the process can be improved with the adequate choice of operational parameters and raw materials burden.

References:
[1] Castro, JA, Takano, C., Yagi, J. A theoretical study using the multiphase numerical simulation technique for effective use of H2 as blast furnaces fuel. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, v.6(3), p.258-270, 2017.

SESSION: IronThuPM1-R8	Usui International Symposium on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making (7th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making)
Thu Oct, 24 2019 / Room: Ambrosia B (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Jose Adilson de Castro; Basant Kumar Singh; Session Monitor: TBA

14:50: [IronThuPM107]
THE BAKING ACID TECHNIQUE ALTERNATIVE TO DECREASE THE PHOSPHORUS CONTENT OF THE IRON ORE
Jose Adilson De Castro¹ ; Leonardo Martins Da Silva² ; Marcos De Campos¹ ; Elizabeth Oliveira³ ; Rayla De Souza Caldas⁴ ; ¹UFF - Federal Fluminense University, Volta Redonda, Brazil; ²Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda, Brazil; ³Center for Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Valenca, Brazil; ⁴UFF-Programa de Pos Graduação em Engenharia Metalurgica, Volta Redonda, Brazil;
Paper Id: 201 [Abstract]

Unlike the available mineral resources, the steel-making processes require raw material with lower phosphorous content in order to decrease the costs, energy use and the residue generated within the steel plant. One alternative is to develop pre-treatment of the iron ore concentrates, achieving raw materials with lower phosphorous. Depending on the mineral structure, a heat treatment combined with leaching can be an efficient way to achieve concentrates with low phosphorous (less than 0.01%). A fast and efficient way of applying energy to iron ore particles is the use of microwave energy to heat the particles. Thus, we propose a treatment using microwave heating while admixing low concentration sulfuric acid, followed by quenching during leaching with water as a feasible route for phosphorus removal from iron ore particles. We performed a design of experiment (DOE) to investigate the optimal conditions of heating and leaching which maximize the rate of phosphorous removal. The structure of the iron ore particles after their treatment with microwave energy was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Disclosing results must be presented here: the optimal conditions for heating and leaching, how the structure of the iron ore particles is affected and which is the mechanism to which it corresponds, as well as the equations and the controlling mechanism. We demonstrated that, under the most favorable combination of heating and leaching conditions proposed in this study, the reduction of the phosphorus content in the iron ore sample could reach 100%.

References:
1) Yong SJ, Jiang T, Yang YB, Li Q, Li GH, Guo YF. Removal of phosphorus from iron ores by chemical leaching. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha. 2006; 410083.

SESSION: IronFriPM1-R8	Usui International Symposium on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making (7th Intl. Symp. on Advanced Sustainable Iron and Steel Making)
Fri Oct, 25 2019 / Room: Ambrosia B (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Henrik Saxen; Hiroshi Nogami; Session Monitor: TBA

15:15: [IronFriPM108] Invited
Mathematical Modeling of the Shaft Furnace Process for Producing DRI Using Self-Reducing Pellets
Jose Adilson De Castro¹ ; Marcos De Campos¹ ; Elizabeth Oliveira² ; Giulio Antunes De Medeiros³ ; ¹UFF - Federal Fluminense University, Volta Redonda, Brazil; ²Center for Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Valenca, Brazil; ³UFF-Programa de Pos Graduação em Engenharia Metalurgica, Volta Redonda, Brazil;
Paper Id: 200 [Abstract]

The shaft furnace process is widely used to produce DRI from pellets and lump ore. One of the largest shortcomings of the process is the need for a reforming gas station for producing reducing gas. This study proposes the enhancement of the efficiency of the process using self-reducing burden with poor reducing gas. A numerical model based on transport equations of momentum, energy and chemical species for gas and solid phases is proposed to simulate the inner phenomena in the direct reduction of the shaft furnace process for producing direct reducing iron (DRI). The model is verified using industrial data of productivity, raw materials and final composition of the DRI product. The model is used to evaluate operational practices using new raw materials and composition of reducing gas in the process. Five cases were considered which correspond to available raw materials and operational conditions on the process. The effects on the gas and solid inner temperature, pressure and phase compositions distributions are quantified. The simulation results indicated that good agreement for overall parameters of the process could be achieved. Afterwards, detailed features of the inner conditions of the process are predicted.

References:
[1] CASTRO JA, NOGAMI H, YAGI J. Numerical analysis of multiple injection of pulverized coal, prereduced iron ore and flux with oxygen enrichment to the blast furnace. ISIJ International, v. 41, n. 1, p. 18-24, 2001.

[2] CASTRO JA, SILVA A.J, SAZAKI Y, YAGI J. A six-phases 3-D model to study simultaneous injection of high rates of pulverized coal and charcoal into the blast furnace with oxygen enrichment. ISIJ International, v. 51, n.7, p. 748-758, 2011.

SESSION: NanomaterialsSatPM3-R8	6th Intl. Symp. on Synthesis and Properties of Nanomaterials for Future Energy Demands
Sat Oct, 26 2019 / Room: Ambrosia B (77/RF)
Session Chairs: Elizabeth Oliveira; Ayesha Alkhoori; Session Monitor: TBA

18:15: [NanomaterialsSatPM314]
Analysis of the Efficiency of the Soil Particles of Landfill Layers as Collector of Harzadous Nanoparticles in the Environment
Elizabeth Oliveira¹ ; Jose Adilson De Castro² ; Ivaldo Leão Ferreira³ ; Mara Do Carmo Paresque⁴ ; ¹Center for Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Valenca, Brazil; ²UFF - Federal Fluminense University, Volta Redonda, Brazil; ³UFPA, Belem, Brazil; ⁴UFF-Programa de Pos Graduação em Engenharia Metalurgica, Volta Redonda, Brazil;
Paper Id: 202 [Abstract]

The technological applications for newly developed nanoparticles are continuously increasing. Nevertheless, their reduced size, forming colloidal suspensions, may facilitate the transport and bioaccumulation in the environment. The particular properties of each nanoparticle and their interactions with the dissolved organic matter (DOM) and the living organisms are important issues in this scenario. The landfill waste disposal method is still dominant worldwide. In the landfill, the nanoparticles can undergo phenomena such as leaching, agglomeration, flocculation, complexation, adsorption, dissolution and neoformations. Among the concerns, it is recognized that the nanoparticles behave as carriers for the contaminants in the environment which strongly impacts the water resources. This research is focused on the development of a mathematical model able to predict the transport of TiO₂, SiO₂, ZnO, and CuO nanoparticles and their mutual interaction within soils commonly used as protective layers of controlled landfill for municipal waste disposal. A combined methodology based on numerical procedures using inverse method principles and controlled column experiments were carried out. Firstly, the model parameters were determined and secondly, the model was validated by confronting numerical and experimental data. The model formulated new ways to address the interactions phenomena of colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles percolating through landfill soils protective layers. It has been found that SiO₂ nanoparticles presented the strongest deleterious effect on the efficiency of the soil protective layers while ZnO plays a positive role, promoting flocculation and complexation with soil particles and enhances their effectiveness.

References:
[1] Oliveira EM, Castro J A, Leão I., 2016. Study of the Interaction of Copper Nanoparticles with Titanium in Landfill Soils Layers. Materials Science Forum 869:778-783.
[2] Oliveira EM, Nogueira DA, Lopes LCR, Feiteira J F S and Castro JA., 2016. Analysis of Percolation of the Stabilized Suspensions of TiO2 and SiO2 Nanoparticles in Soil Columns Simulating Landfill Layers. Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 6:47-52.
[3] Oliveira EM, Valadão ICRP, Araújo ASF and Castro José., 2014. Application of Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) in Aqueous Solutions of TiO2. Materials Science Forum 802:624-629.
[4] Oliveira, E. M., Rojas, E. E. G., Valadão, I. C. R. P., Araújo, A. S. F., Castro, J. A., 2017 . Effects of the silica nanoparticles (NPSiO2) on the stabilization and transport of hazardous nanoparticle suspensions into landfill soil columns. Rev. Esc. Minas. 70, 317-323.