Ruggero Maria Santilli initiated and established novel scientific fields of hadronic mathematics, hadronic mechanics and hadronic chemistry, enriched by various contributions by many other scientists, e.g. by Animalu in the field of hadronic superconductivity. These scientific achievements unfolded into the novel technology of plasma-arc-flow-recyclers from 1998 on, and later into the novel technology of intermediate controlled nuclear fusion without radiations. These hadronic technologies claim to represent radical advances in ecological respects, and are backed not only by patents, but by up-and-working technology and by experimental confirmation from independent investigating bodies. Also, there has emerged a vast and growing body of scientific publications inside various fields inside the hadronic sciences, being met with close to zero opposing scientific publications. Despite this success as approached from sober scientific and technical standards, the growth in implementation of the aforementioned novel and ecological hadronic technologies has so far remained rather slow. To some extent, this may be explained by obstructing factors residing inside certain (more or less external) scientific communities, connected to paradigmatic blockings as well as to some protectionism with regard to positions of prestige or power. However, to a significant extent, there may be strong cultural factors of obstruction (vs. promotion) involved, which reside outside the spheres of science and technology themselves. The paper will address and discuss some such factors, related to interfacing information flows between forefront hadronic science and various other cultural segments; more specifically to scientists working in other fields, to the layman via popular media, to industry and finance, to geopolitics, and to the ecological movement. The tentative conclusion is that it is hard to imagine fast progress in implementation and growth of sustainable hadronic technologies without an occurrence of catalyzing intervention from cultural spheres residing outside science and technology.

The innovative Isodual Theory of Antimatter proposed by R. M. Santilli allows a classical representation of neutral or charged antimatter bodies in a way compatible with available classical experimental evidence on antimatter. Since Earth appears to have been already hit in the past by antimatter asteroids (as it seems to be the case for the 1908 Tunguska explosion in Siberia), the author shows in this talk an analysis of possible trajectories of an antimatter asteroid in our Solar System and the possibilities of collision with our planet under the assumption of the repulsive gravitational interaction between Earth and the antimatter asteroid. Moreover, an estimate of the minimum approach speed required for an antimatter asteroid to impact with Earth is theoretically and numerically identified at different distances from our planet, along with other considerations about the trajectories themselves.

Recent mathematical, theoretical and experimental studies have confirmed, via measurements on Earth, Zwicky's hypothesis according to which the cosmological redshift is due to galactic light losing energy to intergalactic media without any expansion of the universe. But the return to a static universe would imply the consequence of a universe collapsing due to gravitational attractions among galaxies. In this talk, the first names author presents, apparently for the first time, a cosmological model in which the universe achieves stability under the condition of admitting an equal number of matter and antimatter galaxies at such a large mutual distance for which gravitational interactions are neglectable.

Prof. R.M. Santilli introduced new numbers based on a certain axiom-preserving generalization of multiplication that are today known as isotopic numbers or isonumbers.
In 1965, Prof. R.M.Santilli presented the “No Reduction Theorems” according to which a macroscopic extended system in nonconservative conditions (such as a satellite during re-entry in our atmosphere) cannot be consistently reduced to a finite number of point-particles under potential forces. Also a finite number of quantum particles (that is, point-like) under potential interactions cannot consistently recover a macroscopic nonconservative system.
Literature survey reveals that, previous relativistic theories cannot provide a reliable classical explanation of antiparticles because they do not acknowledge the distinction between neutral matter and antimatter. Knowledge of the isoscattering theory requires a study of the experimental verification of isorelativity at the classical and operator levels. Moreover, as far as charged antiparticles are concerned, they lead to unpredictable quantum images consisting of particles. Hence, the whole antimatter content of the universe cannot be convincingly preserved through special and general relativity.
Prof. R.M.Santilli introduces isodual numbers in order to explain the concept of relativity for the matter and antimatter. In this paper isodual numbers are used to study isorelativity and its applications.

Hadronic mechanics gave birth to new magnecular fuels. The present day demand is of clean energy source that is cheap and abundant. Clean energy can be obtained by harnessing renewable energy sources like solar, wind etc. Nuclear energy conventionally produced by fission reactions emits hazardous radiation and radioactive waste. The requirements of clean and safe energy get fulfilled by novel fuel that achieved by elevating the traditional quantum mechanics to hadronic mechanics and to hadronic chemistry. Italian-American Scientist, Professor Santilli, developed new fuels constituting the magnecules. The magnecules are novel chemical species having at least one magnecular bond and they are formed by applying the magnetic field of the order 106 gauss. These magnetic fields generate toroidal polarization of peripheral atomic electron producing N-S poles. Santilli has studied and predicted new form of nuclear energies without harmful radiation or radioactive waste by through hadronic mechanics and gave experimental verification and confirmation of Magnecular fuel formation. In this regards Santilli proposed new form of nuclear syntheses under the name of "Intermediate Controlled Nuclear Syntheses (ICNS)" without harmful radiation and radioactive waste by applying hadronic mechanics, which is based on the basic assumptions, namely that the nuclear forces are potential type with its Hamiltonian and part of it is non –potential, the nuclear sub-particles are in contact with appreciable overlap of their wavefunctions and that the decay of unstable nuclei, as well as nuclear synthesis, represent the Lie-admissible branch of hadronic mechanics, since both are irreversible over time. In the present paper, a comprehensive review on both the theoretical and experimental aspect of the Intermediate Controlled Nuclear Synthesis (ICNS) as developed by Italian American Scientist Professor R. M. Santilli. ICNS seems to be more promising than hot or cold fusion. Hence, it is found to be safe and can be explored commercially for energy production.

CREATING NEW ALGEBRAIC HYPERSTRUCTURES FROM SANTILLI¢S ISO & GENO-THEORIES
T. Vougiouklis
Democritus University of Thrace, School of Education
681 00 Alexandroupolis, Greece, tvougiou@eled.duth.gr
Abstract
In the quiver of hyperstructures Professor R. M. Santilli in early 90¢es, tried to find algebraic structures in order to express his pioneer Lie-Santilli Theory. Santilli¢s theory on ¡isotopies¢ and ¡genotopies¢, born in 1960¢s, desperately needs ¡units e¢ on left or right, which are nowhere singular, symmetric, real-valued, positive-defined for n-dimensional matrices based on the so called isofields. These elements can be found in hyperstructure theory, especially in Hv-structure theory introduced in 1990. This connection appeared first in 1996 and actually several Hv-fields, the e-hyperfields, can be used as isofields or genofields so as, in such way they should cover additional properties and satisfy more restrictions. Meanwhile, the hyperstructure theory obtained a lot of results and applications in mathematics as well as in other applied sciences. Last years a theory on Lie-Santilli¢s Admissibility on the hyperstructure case was created.
This presentation aims to review applicable hyperstructures in Lie Santilli theory especially when multivalued problems appeared, either in finite or in infinite case.

In the quiver of hyperstructures Professor R. M. Santilli in early 90’es, tried to find algebraic structures in order to express his pioneer Lie-Santilli Theory. Santilli’s theory on ‘isotopies’ and ‘genotopies’, born in 1960’s, desperately needs ‘units e’ on left or right, which are nowhere singular, symmetric, real-valued, positive-defined for n-dimensional matrices based on the so called isofields. These elements can be found in hyperstructure theory, especially in Hv-structure theory introduced in 1990. This connection appeared first in 1996 and actually several Hv-fields, the e-hyperfields, can be used as isofields or genofields so as, in such way they should cover additional properties and satisfy more restrictions. Meanwhile, the hyperstructure theory obtained a lot of results and applications in mathematics as well as in other applied sciences. Last years a theory on Lie-Santilli’s Admissibility on the hyperstructure case was created.
This presentation aims to review applicable hyperstructures in Lie Santilli theory especially when multivalued problems appeared, either in finite or in infinite case.

This talk aims to be a survey of the theory of formal deformation quantization in the frame of the categorical approach. It is intended to be a pedagogical introduction to mathematicians and mathematical physicists who are first approaching the subject. It is shown that deformation quantization in isomathematics are trivial and corresponding physical models are incorrect. We also received nontrivial deformations of Cayley-Klein spaces, noncommutative spaces etc. Then we build their global symmetries, gauge symmetries and quantum symmetries, etc. We constructed the inequalities for the correspondence models in quantum theory, astrophysics and cosmology too.

Modern democracies have traditionally relied on the principle of "one man one vote" to guarantee fair and equal access to the political process. We argue that, in the 21st century, the crucial question is not who votes, but how we vote. It is possible to create a voting system with uniform voting rights in which consensus can triumph over polarization and voters are more motivated and engaged. Democracy 2.1 has precisely this effect. D21 is a universally applicable system to revolutionize group decision-making processes. In past years, we have successfully piloted D21 in partnership with cities such as New York, corporations and NGOs in Europe as well as the US. D21 points the way toward a worldwide renewal and qualitative upgrade of desicion-making processes.

In a preceding series of works, the author constructed the isodual mathematics and ensuing isodual theory of antimatter predicting that light emitted by antimatter, called isodual light, has an index of refraction opposite that of ordinary light, thus requiring concave lenses for their detection. Via the use of telescopes with concave lenses, the author then detected the apparent existence of an antimatter galaxy, today called Santilli antimatter galaxy in the Vega region of the night sky, today known as Santilli antimatter galaxy, jointly with the detection of the apparent existence of antimatter asteroids and antimatter cosmic rays, published in refereed journals.These detections were confirmed by two independent groups of astrophysicists via publications also in refereed journals. In this talk, we present the detection of a second antimatter galaxy, this time in the Capella region of the night sky, which is proposed under the name ofd Rak antimatter galaxy, in honor of Prof. Jan Rak, a group leader at CERN. We also confirm the apparent existence of antimatter asteroids and antimatter cosmic rays. We then present, apparently for the first time, the prediction that high energy scattering as done at CERN, FERMILAB and other particle physics laboratories should produce ordinary as well as isodual light detectable with telescopes with convex as well as concave lenses, respectively.

We outline inability for quantum mechanics to achieve an exact and invariant representation of nuclear magnetic moments; we review Fermi's historical hypothesis on the origin of the deviations as being due to the deformation of the charge distribution of nucleons when members of a nuclear structure with ensuing alteration of their magnetic moments; we point out the impossibility to represent Fermi's historical hypothesis via 20th century mathematics due to its local-differential character; we outline the rudiments of the covering isomathematics and related isomechanics with particular reference to their time invariant representation of nucleons as extended, non-spherical and deformable; we indicate the fundamental relevance of the Lie-Santilli isotheory for the nuclear structure with particular reference to the isorotational symmetry and the Lorentz-Poincare'-Santilli isosymmetry for a quantitative representation of Fermi's hypothesis; we point out the ensuing notion of isoparticle at large and isonucleons (isoprotons and isoneutrons) in particular; and we finally outline the first achievement of an exact and time invariant representation of all magnetic moments of stable nuclides, beginning with the deuteron, then passing top the tritium and then to other nuclides. This talk is also an introduction to the subsequent talk by A. A. Bhalekar on the parallel achievement of an exact and time invariant representation of the spin of all stable nuclides.

In this paper, we have described briefly one of the great achievements accomplished by the Italian-American scientist Ruggero Maria Santilli of ultraclean magnegas as an alternative to fossils fuels. It could drastically reduce the pollution level as there is no hazardous pollutant emission after complete combustion. New chemical species of Magnegas in hadronic chemistry which primarily consists of bonds of magnetic types. Magnegas is produced as a byproduct in the recycling of any liquid waste or from the processing of the carbon-rich liquids. Its production is cheaper than other fuels. Santilli’s magnecules are in gaseous, liquid and solid states consist of stable clusters composed of conventional molecule with individuals atoms bonded together by opposing magnetic polarities of toroidal polarization of the orbit of at least the peripheral atomic electrons when exposed to sufficiently strong external magnetic fields, as well as the polarization of the intrinsic magnetic moment of nuclei and electrons. A population of magnecules constitutes a chemical species when essentially pure i.e. when molecules or other species are contained in very small percentages in a directly identifiable form. In this paper, we discuss magnegas in hadronic chemistry. These magnecules are used as pollution free fuel and for other applications because there is no cracking involved while using the stored magnetic energy. We also emphasize different experimental confirmations and applications of the Magnegas.

In this paper, we report an experimental study of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis from Santilli magnegas. The feedstock for magnegas was a superfine mixture of used motor oil and tap water. The mixture was made by using patented apparatus with a rough premix of the two ingredients as the input. It does not separate back to the oil and water under centrifuge 10,000 rev/min for 5 min, and stay stable for more than 30 days when left untouched. Magnegas was produced from this feedstock on mobile 100 kW unit produced by Magnegas Corporation, USA. Produced magnegas was supplied to the laboratory in new metal cylinders at about 10 MPa pressure. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was made with the help of promoted catalyst containing Aluminum oxide, Cobalt, and other ingredients mixed with silica, at a range of moderate temperatures. Before sending to the synthesis, magnegas was enriched by Hydrogen to provide favorable 2:1 ratio for H2:CO. Hydrocarbons ranging up to n-dodecane C12H26 have been identified in the final product of the synthesis. Conversion of CO in the one pass process has reached 73.7%. <br />It was observed that at room temperature liquid part of the product made of magnegas is about 30% heavier by its content than that made previously from a mixture of standard H2 and CO supplied by technical gases company. This means considerably better efficiency of synthesis from magnegas as compared to that from usual mixture of H2 and CO. Chromatogram of the liquid product shows that its content is typical for diesel.

I will give a brief overview of the scope of the ultra-relativistic heavy ion physics
with the focus on the recent results from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.
I will focus on the open questions and outline some of the new directions.
In this talk I will also give my personal opinion on the general open
question related to physics of consciousness, quantum physics and gravity.

This talk is a survey of the stages in the development of the mechanics starting from Newtonian classical mechanics to hadronic mechanics via relativistic mechanics. It is an attempt to illustrate the background behind each of these mechanics and how they are justified. The significance of these mechanics in that particular period of time is highlighted. The emergence of these mechanics is justified by their application to mechanical and cosmological systems.

This work deals with the fundamentals of the so-called isotopology, which has revealed to be a potential source of application in distinct aspects of Physics and Engineering because of the requirement of extended particles within physical media. Distinct examples are introduced in this way. New advances in the topic are also introduced by means of extended isotopisms, which have recently been introduced in order to deal with the fundamentals of isotheory. We focus in particular on right isotopisms that are defined over quasigroups and metric spaces, which enable us an easier and better understanding of the way in which isotopology works.

This article explores geometric number systems that are obtained by extending the real number system to include new anticommuting square roots of +1 or -1, each such new square root representing the direction of a unit vector along orthogonal coordinate axes of a Euclidean or pseudo-Euclidean space. These new number systems can be thought of as being nothing more than a geometric basis for tables of numbers, called matrices. At the same time, the consistency of matrix algebras proves the consistency of our geometric number systems. The flexibility of this new concept of geometric numbers opens the door to new understanding of the nature of spacetime, the concept of Pauli and Dirac spinors, and the famous Hopf fibration.

Our main object is the class of hyperstructures called Hv-structures introduced in 1990 [4], which satisfy the weak axioms where the non-empty intersection replaces the equality.
Algebraic hyperstructure is called a set H equipped with at least one hyperoperation (abbreviation: hyperoperation=hope): &#61655;:H&#61620;H&#61614;P(H)-{&#61638;}. Abbreviate by WASS the weak associativity: (xy)z&#61639;x(yz)&#61625;&#61638;, &#61474;x,y,z&#61646;H and by COW the weak commutativity: xy&#61639;yx&#61625;&#61638;, &#61474;x,y&#61646;H. The hyperstructure (H,&#61655;) is called Hv-semigroup if it is WASS, it is called Hv-group if it is reproductive Hv-semigroup.
The main tools of this theory are the fundamental relations which connect the Hv-structures with the corresponding classical ones. The fundamental relations are used to define more complicated hyperstructures as Hv-fields, Hv-vector spaces and so on, as well.
Since the class of Hv-structures is extremely large, we can define new hyperoperations and we can apply them in mathematics and in applied sciences, as in the Santilli’s iso-theory, as well. A new hyperoperation is the so-called helix-hope. We present here this theory and focus on finite Hv-fields.

Hyper Lie-Santilli admissibility
Coming Soon

Last decades hyperstructures have applications in mathematics and in other sciences. These applications range from biomathematics -conchology, inheritance- and hadronic physics or on leptons, in the Santilli’s iso-theory, to mention but a few. The hyperstructure theory is closely related to fuzzy theory; consequently, can be widely applicable in linguistic, in sociology, in industry and production, too. For these applications the largest class of the hyperstructures, the class Hv-structures, is used. The Hv-structures introduced in 1990 [4], satisfy the weak axioms where the non-empty intersection replaces the equality.
Algebraic hyperstructure is called a set H equipped with at least one hyperoperation (&#61655;), abbreviate by hope: &#61655;:H&#61620;H&#61614;P(H)-{&#61638;}. The hyperstructure (H,&#61655;) is called Hv-semigroup if it is weak associative: (xy)z&#61639;x(yz)&#61625;&#61638;, &#61474;x,y,z&#61646;H. It is called Hv-group if it is reproductive Hv-semigroup. It is called Hv-commutative group if, moreover, the weak commutativity: xy&#61639;yx&#61625;&#61638;, &#61474;x,y&#61646;H, is valid.
The main tools of this theory are the fundamental relations which connect the Hv-structures with the corresponding classical ones by quotients. These relations are used to define hyperstructures as Hv-fields, Hv-vector spaces and so on, as well. The definition of the general hyperfield was not possible without the Hv-structures and their fundamental relations.
Hypernumbers or Hv-numbers are called the elements of Hv-fields. We present here this theory and focus on finite Hv-fields.

Following years of mathematical research in developing of innovative isomathematics with the axiom-preserving Lie-isotopic construction for the invariant treatment of usually nonlinear, nonlocal and non-Hamiltonian interior dynamic problems, Santilli presented in 1983 the axiom preserving isotopies of the Minkowski spacetime using the most general potential symmetric (non-singular) space time that nowadays is recognized as the Minkowski-Santilli (MS) isospacetime.
As part of the isospacetime study, Santilli constructed the axiom preserving isotopies of the Lorentz-Poincar´e (LP) symmetry and the special relativity (SR) that today are known as the Lorentz-Poincar´e-Santilli (LPS) isosymmetry, and IsoRelativity (IR). The MS isospacetime, LPS isosymmetry and IR IsoRelativity predicted anomalous shifts of the frequency of light propagating within a gaseous medium without any necessary relative motion between the source, the medium and the observer, in agreement with the Doppler-Santilli frequency IsoShift isolaw for a relative motion and the Santilli IsoShift law when relative motion is null.
The present work is dedicated to the work carried out by R. M. Santilli in the specific case of zero relative velocity, rendering to the IsoLaw that can be referred to as Santilli IsoRedShift (IRS), IsoBlueShift (IBS) and NoIsoShift (NIS).

In this talk, we introduce the concept for iso-tensor. We define some special iso-tensors. Along with the Algebra of iso-tensor, we deduct and prove some of their properties. As applications, we give the basic equations of continuum mechanics(solids and fluids).
We introduce iso-electric and iso-magnetic fields. Further area of applications of the iso-tensor will be identified to work on.

This talk presents an introduction to the theory of partial iso-differential equations.
They are considered as the classification of the first order partial iso-differential equations, solvability of quasilinear first order partial iso-differential equations, the Cauchy problem for quasilinear first order partial iso-differential equations,the iso-Pfaffian equation, and some special systems.
They are investigated even and odd dimensional iso-wave equations, method of separation of variables, energy method. It is introduced the iso-Riemann functions.
They are considered the weak and strong maximum principles
They are given the basic properties of iso-elliptic problems, the fundamental solutions, integral representation of iso-harmonic functions.

This talk encompasses recent developments of iso-integral equations. It also contains elegant analytical and numerical methods.
It is introduced the classification of iso-integral equations and necessary techniques to convert iso-differential equations to iso-integral equations. They are investigated the generalized Volterra iso-integral equations and the relevant solution techniques. They are considered the generalized Volterra iso-integro-iso-differential equations and also solution techniques. Generalized Fredholm iso-integral equations are investigated. Hilbert-Schmidt theory of generalized iso-integral equations with symmetric kernels is proposed. The Laplace transform method and the series solution method are introduced. Nonlinear iso-integral equations are investigated.
In the talk are represented some applications.

A significant aspect of sustainable development requires an understanding of the spontaneous behaviour of natural systems, especially in terms of self-organization and self-assembly. If we understand how these processes occur in nature we can begin to replicate them with maximum efficiency and in the most sustainable way. My own work shows that, using evidence from mathematics, computational and systems theory, physics, chemistry, biology and ecology indicates that self-organization in Nature follows a route involving a dual-space nilpotent structure, which immediately connects any organized system with its environment in a completely definable way. The mathematics of this is exact and operates on every scale from the quantum level to galactic clusters, and involves both living and non-living structures. A significant development in this work is a connection to the isomathematics of R. M. Santilli, which, when applied to physics, is concerned with typically extended sources, for example involving media, etc., where conventional quantum mechanics and special relativity no longer hold, and where technological applications become important. The isonilpotent structures which emerge from this connection have many potential applications where self-organization is an important process. The paper will show how the abstract mathematical process operates, describe how it provides the natural explanation of self-organization at all scales, and supply examples of its application.

Mathematics of 20th century is solely applicable to the dynam-
ical systems wherein point like particles are moving in a vacuum
under Hamiltonian interactions; known as Exterior Dynamical Sys-
tems. Appropriate generalization of 20th century mathematics, to-
day known as Santilli isomathematics is applicable to the dynamical
systems wherein the particles are extended, non-spherical and de-
formable, moving within a physical medium under Hamiltonian and
non-Hamiltonian interactions; known as Interior Dynamical systems.
Isoalgebras play an important role in the development of Lie-Santill
isotheory. In this paper we deal with the development of the central
problem of construction of regular isorepresentations of Li-Santilli
isotheory and its applications.

Using two methods we deduce the new gravitational formula. Tardyonic rotating motion produces the centrifugal force, but tachyonic rotating motion produces the centripetal force, that is gravity. Using it we establish the expansion theory of the universe and suggest the new universe model. We prove that in the universe there are no dark matter and no dark energy. New gravitational formula changes all that. Multiverse, inflation, and primordial gravitational waves do not exist.

R. M. Santilli has developed a covering isomathematics and related isomechanics. Amongst its various applications he has also laid down the foundations of the time invariant representation of nucleons as extended, non-spherical and deformable particles, and indicated the fundamental relevance of the Lie-Santilli isotheory for the nuclear structure in terms of isonucleons (isoelectrons, isoprotons and isoneutrons) and based on it he has described the nuclear magnetic moments of all stable nuclides starting from deuteron as isodeuteron. In that a neutron and a deuteron, are shown as constituted of isoprotons and isoneutrons that are the mutual penetrated states of the wavepackets of protons and electrons. We have extended this description to higher atomic number stable nuclides (up to Z= 82). The approach adopted has been to develop nuclear configurations which are commensurate with the observed nuclear spins. Since in our proposal we use only the isoelectrons, isoneutrons and isoprotons as the basic constituents we are indeed incorporating isomathematics and isomechanics. However, the details of the quantitative hadronic mechanics of each isonuclides have not been completely investigated so far. But these nuclear configurations we believe would substantially assist in our future attempts. We have developed two approaches. The first one builds nuclear configurations taking isodeuterons, isoneutrons and isoprotons as basic constituents whereas the second one uses only the isoprotons and isoelectrons as basic nuclear constituents. Notice that when we use isodeuterons as basic nuclear constituents there is no room to speak of isoelectrons separately because each isodeuteron consists of two isoprotons and one isoelectron. It turns out that isoelectrons, indeed, serve as effective nuclear glue. Some preliminary generalizations of both the models would be discussed.

The slot plug is an important functional element for bottom-injection technology of powder and greatly influences the operation of this technology. In order to improve the bottom injection efficiency, effects of the inlet velocity on gas-powder flow distribution and pressures at outlet interface were investigated based on numerical simulations. The two-phase flow of N2 and CaC2 powder in a mixing chamber was described numerically and experimentally. The main goal of this paper was to explore the best inlet velocity for obtaining perfect parameters of the bottom injection powder. The following conclusions were made. When the velocity at inlet is 20 m/s, pressure drop at outlet is 25 Pa and the mixing uniformity of gas and powder can easily enter the slits. When the inlet velocity is 35 m/s, the pressure drop is about 1100 Pa. While the pressure drop is 1600 Pa with the inlet velocity at 50 m/s and the velocity distribution at outlet is non-uniform, which is not conducive to powder mixing inside the mixing-chamber. The gas-powder flow cannot enter the slits efficiently. An industrial trial of desulphurization pretreatment was performed using the powder injection technology with the slot plug at the bottom of a 20 t hot metal ladle. The results reveal that the desulphurization efficiency is 15% greater than that obtained with the same type of top-powder process. Therefore, the inlet velocity at 20 m/s would be better for the mixing chamber.

Santilli in past decades developed the structure of neutron in terms of (as a compressed hydrogen atom, originally suggested by E. Rutherford) an union of isoproton and isoelectron and the nuclear structure of deuteron in terms of hadronic interactions between 2 isoprotons and one isoelectron (that is a hadronic union of compressed hydrogen atom and a proton). Inspired by this basic and successful development we have recently developed nuclear configuration of 279 stable nuclides from atomic number 1 to 82, that is from the isotopes of hydrogen up to those of lead, in terms of isonucleons in two ways namely Method-I and
Method-II. Method-I describes nuclear configuaration by taking stable isodeuterons of spin 1
and isoneutrons and isoprotons both of spin 1/2 as nuclear constituents and they are oriented in such a way to match the observed nuclear spin. Whereas in Method-II the same is described in terms of isoprotons of spin 1/2 and isoelectrons with spin zero. The number of isoprotons, equal to the mass number, A, of a nuclide are divided into two groups of up and down spin such that the net spin matches with the experimental value. The next obvious aspect that we have investigated is to describe stability/instability of nuclides based on these nuclear configurations. We found that it is fruitful to arrange isoprotons and isoelectrons of an isonuclide in a closed geometrical packing with maximum hadronic interaction and minimum electrostatic repulsion among its isonucleons. In this paper we have described the last stated aspect for stable and two unstable isotopes flanked on the either sides of each of them. Each closed packing has been analyzed for stability in terms of constituent structures, which are the ones of stable He-4 and He-3 isonuclides and unstable Triton in majority of cases. It appears that our method of ascertaining nuclear stability is a shed superior over the traditional ones, for example, those based on magic numbers and nuclear shell model, etc. Our presentation do suggest possible new routes of nuclear syntheses.

We outline the insufficiencies of 20th century mathematics for a representation of: A) Extended objects moving within physical media; B) The irreversibility of the physical world; and C) Antimatter in a form admitting annihilation. We then outline three corresponding coverings of 20th century mathematics and their scientific as well as industrial applications: 1) The local-differential character with consequential inability to represent extended bodies, such as a proton in the core of a star; 2) The lack of a time ordering, with consequential inability to represent the time irreversibility of nature; and 3) The lack of a dual form allowing the conjugation from matter to antimatter at the classical (rather than quantum) level and for neutral (as well as charged) antimatter. We then outline three corresponding coverings of 20th century mathematics: 1) IsoMathematics with Lie-Santilli algebraic structure for the representation of the extended, thus deformable shape of bodies and electromagnetic waves propagating within physical media; 2) GenoMathematics with Santilli Lie-admissible structure for irreversible dynamics of extended particles and electromagnetic waves propagating within physical media in a form compatible with thermodynamical laws; and 3) IsoDual conventional, isotopic and genotopic mathematics for the transition from matter to antimatter from Newtonian mechanics all the way to second quantization. We finally outline the use of the new mathematics to new sustainable energies that are under development at the U. S. publicly traded companies Magnegas Corporation and Thunder Energies Corporation.

I will give a brief overview of the scope of the ultra-relativistic heavy ion physics
with the focus on the recent results from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN.
I will focus on the open questions and outline some of the new directions.
In this talk I will also give my personal opinion on the general open
question related to physics of consciousness, quantum physics and gravity.

The nature of consciousness, and the question of how the consciousness arises, fascinates philosophers and scientists for ages. Based on sociological studies and many medical observations I will present the theory where consciousness can be viewed as a physical object with measurable properties (parameters). More importantly, there is some kind of inner "user-interface" which could be visualized, tuned and programmed. I will also show that consciousness is fundamentally connected to the body movements and from the physics point of view one can show that the substrate of the mental activity is the motion and vice versa.

Despite the fact that the scientific mathematical knowledge and discoveries were moving hand in hand, just before the end of 20th century there were few mathematically unsolved physical phenomena in Quantum mechanics and Quantum Chemistry. These situations called for a more comprehensive mathematical structure, far along called as ’Isofield’.
Prof. R. M. Santilli had constructed a new mathematics applicable within physical media known as Santilli isomathematics which is specifically built for interior dynamical problems. This isomathematics is based on the locally varying speed of light C = c / n (x, &#965;, &#969;, &#948;, T…,), which is today known as the Lorentz-Poincare-Santilli (LPS) isosymmetry and the isotopeis of this special relativity known as Santilli isorelativity.
Santilli’s fundamental idea is the representation of supposed interactions with an isotopic lifting to of the fundamental unit I of conventional theories, under the exclusive condition that is positive-definite, thus admitting the inverse = and with the arbitrary functional dependence on local quantities, such as time t, coordinates r, velocities &#965; , energy e, density d, frequency &#969;, temperature T , and other variables.
In 1983, Santilli presented the isotopies of the Minkowski spacetime with his generalized symmetric (non-singular) spacetime known as the Minkowski-Santilli isospacetime.
It was Santilli in early 1992 who first discovered the concept of ’Isofield’ which further led to a new concepts and a whole new ’Isomathematics’ which is a step further in Modern Mathematics.
This work aims at exploring the very basics of Isomathematics as formulated by Santilli regarding IRS and IBS.

In this talk, I will outline the main results of the Third International Conference on Lie-Admissible Treatment of Irreversible Processes (ICLATIP – 3, Nepal) held in Nepal from January 3 to 7, 2011. There were altogether 30 papers divided into seven scientific sessions: Mathematics – 4 papers; The invariant Lie-admissible treatment of irreversible processes – 5 papers; Lie-admissible algebra – 5 papers; Open problems n antimatter – 5 papers; New energies – 3 papers; Technology – 2 papers; Irreversible thermodynamical processes – 7 papers and 2 video presentations. This Talk will focus on the mathematical and mechanical methods for irreversible systems significant for engineering research since all engineering systems are irreversible over time due to frictions and other causes.

Studies accompanied over the past few decades on the generalization of quantum mechanics, initiated in 1978 by Ruggero Maria Santilli for antimatter. An inspection of the contemporary physics literature reveals that, while a matter is treated at all levels of study, from Newtonian mechanics to quantum field theory, antimatter is solely treated at the level of second quantization. For the purpose of initiating the restoration of full equivalence in the treatment of matter and antimatter in due time, and as the classical foundations of an axiomatically consistent inclusion of gravitation in unified gauge theories recently appeared elsewhere. A classical representation of antimatter which begins at the primitive Newtonian level with corresponding formulations at all subsequent levels is presented in this paper. By recalling that charge conjugation of particles into antiparticles is antiautomorphic, the theory of antimatter is based on a new map, called isoduality, yet it is applicable beginning at the classical level and then persists at the quantum level where it becomes equivalent to charge conjugation. Santilli showed the compatibility of the theory with all available classical experimental data on antimatter. The antimatter light has negative energy with the negative unit, experiences a negative curvature tensor when in a matter gravitational field and negative refractive index when propagating within a transparent matter medium. Recently Santilli constructed an antimatter telescope and detected antimatter galaxies, antimatter asteroids, annihilation of antimatter cosmic rays and Invisible Terrestrial Entities etc. Santilli isodual theory is applicable for the antimatter with the consideration of negative values of energy, time, gravity, refractive index, momenta etc. with a negative unit.
Keywords: antimatter, isodual light, antigravity, isodual theory.

One of the great achievements accomplished by the Italian-American scientist Ruggero Maria Santilli is the discovery of ultraclean magnegas as an alternative for fossils fuels. Santilli’s magnecules in gaseous, liquid and solid states consist of stable clusters composed of conventional molecules with individual atoms bonded together by opposing magnetic toroidal orbit polarization as well as the polarization of the intrinsic magnetic moment of nuclei and electrons.
Ultraclean magnegas could drastically reduce the pollution levels as there is no hazardous pollutant emission after complete combustion. They are produced as a byproduct in the recycling of any liquid waste or from the processing of carbon rich liquids. Their production is cheaper than other fuels. In this paper we discuss the application of magnecules as pollution free fuels. We also present various confirmation of the Santilli Magnegas and their applications.

Abstract
In 1920, H. Rutherford conceived the neutron as a compressed hydrogen atom in the core of stars. W. Pauli noted that such a synthesis of neutron violates the conservation of the angular momentum. Therefore, E. Fermi proposed the emission of a massless particle, called "neutrino". In 1978, R.M. Santilli showed that, even though the angular momentum would be conserved, the neutrino hypothesis does imply the validity of quantum mechanics for the neutron synthesis because the rest energy of the neutron is bigger than the sum of the rest energies of the proton and electron, under these conditions the Schrodinger equation becomes inconsistent. Similarly, Santilli showed that relativistic quantum mechanics is also inapplicable (rather than violated) for the neutron synthesis because, even though exactly valid for the electron at large distance from the proton in the hydrogen atom, the celebrated Dirac equation is clearly inapplicable for the representation of electron when immersed inside the proton. In this paper, we study Santilli's decade long mathematical, theoretical and experimental research, first for the construction of the covering hadronic mechanics; then the derivation of the numerically exact and time invariant representation at the non-relativistic and relativistic levels of "all" characteristics of the neutron in its synthesis from a proton and an electron; and finally the experimental verifications for the laboratory synthesis of the neutron and its industrialization. In particular, we show that, within said covering context, the representation of the proton as an extended, hyperdense and spinning particle implies the existence of an orbital angular momentum of the electron within the proton which is totally non-existence for quantum mechanics, under which the total angular momentum is conserved without any need for the conjectural neutrino. We finally study Santilli's suggestive hypothesis of the "etherino" as a longitudinal impulse (rather than particle) from the ether as a universal substratum that delivers missing energy for the synthesis of the neutron.
PACS: 87.19.ll, 21.10.Dr, 02.20.Sv
Keywords: Neutron, Binding Energy, Isoelectron, Hulthen Potential, Li-Santilli Isoalgebra.

In 1980s R. M. Santilli discovered new realizations of the abstract axioms of numeric fields with characteristic zero, based on an axiom-preserving generalization of conventional associative product and consequential positive-definite generalization of the multiplicative unit, today, known as Santilli isonumbers [1]. The resulting novel numeric fields are known as Santilli isofields. By remembering that 20th century mathematics was formulated on numeric fields, their generalization into isofields stimulated a corresponding generalization of all of 20th century mathematics and its application to mechanics, today known as Santilli isomathematics and isomechanics, respectively. This new mathematics is especially used for the representation of extended-deformable particles moving within physical media under Hamiltonian as well as contact non-Hamiltonian interactions. Additionally, Santilli discovered a second realization of the abstract axioms of a numeric field, this time with arbitrary (non-singular) negative definite generalized unit and related multiplication, today known as Santilli isodual isonumber [1] that have stimulated a second covering of 20th century mathematics and mechanics known as Santilli isodual isomathematics and isodual isomechanics. The latter methods are used for the classical as well as operator form of antimatter in the full democracy with the study of matter. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of Santilli's epoch-making discoveries of isonumbers and their isoduals along with their application to isomechanics and its isodual for matter and antimatter, respectively.
Keywords: Isonumber, Isodual number, Isodual-isonumber, Genonumber.

The 20th century mathematics delivers an excellent illustration of "exterior dynamical systems" (point particles and electromagnetic waves propagating in vacuum), from the time when these systems do admit a local-differential topology. R. M. Santilli anticipated IsoMathematics for handling of the broader "interior dynamic systems" (extended particles and electromagnetic waves propagating within physical media), because the conservative mathematics was no longer appropriate for the latter systems due to nonlinear, nonlocal and non-Hamiltonian effects. Moreover, IsoMathematics reduces to indispensable by the No Reduction Theorems that prohibit a reliable reduction of interior dynamic systems to a finite number of isolated point-particles in vacuum [1].

Clean energies should be our strategies to conserve life-life cycle as a symbiotic connection of all biological forms and as a self-producing beauty. In this industrial era, use of clean fuels such as MagnegasTM can be one of most appropriate step in attaining the sustainability which not only reduces the emission of harmful exhaust in the atmospheric air but moreover releases oxygen which ultimately enhance the breathing quality of the air. All the conventional fuels more or less release carbon dioxide and other carcinogenic gases during their combustion; and also causes a permanent removal of oxygen from the atmosphere. Excessive industrial uses of the conventional fossil fuel comprising the conventional covalent bonding in the recent past showing visible effects to everybody through climactic episodes such as floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, changes in local seasonal timing, etc. Such associated problems with uses of fossil fuels prompted Professor R. M. Santilli to discover new chemical species having a new type of bonds which are much weaker than covalent bonds. In memory of the Italian-American physicist, R. M. Santilli presented for the first time, the theoretical and experimental evidence on the existence of the new chemical species of magnecules defined as clusters of individual atoms (H; O; C; etc.), dimers (HO; CH; etc.) and ordinary molecules (H2; CO; H2O; etc.) bonded together by attractive forces. In this presentation, different topics which are shortly covered are: basics of hadronic chemistry, Santilli’s model of hydrogen and water molecules using hadronic chemistry, conception of Santilli’s magnecules, magnecular structure of H3 and O3, experimental verifications, industrial applications of fuels with Magnecular structures.

Molecular combustion or nuclear fission is the conventional source of energy, which is not clean as they generate a large amount of green house gases or nuclear wastes respectively. Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum resources are limited and is fast depleting. Moreover, this also causes pollution along with depletion of atmospheric oxygen. Clean energy can be obtained by harnessing renewable energy sources like solar, wind, etc. However, each of these sources has their own limitations and is dependent on geographical locations as well as time. The renewable energy sources may be green but is not always sustainable. Generally, they have less energy density. Hence are not applicable for harvesting energy continuously. This hampers their use as a continuous green energy source and so is not used universally.
The modern day demand for clean, cheap and abundant energy seems to get fulfilled by the novel fuels that have been developed through hadronic mechanics/chemistry. Santilli’s Hadronic energy can be broadly classified as non-nuclear type (combustion of MagneGas alone or as an additive with conventional fuels) and nuclear type (intermediate controlled nuclear synthesis and particle type like stimulated neutron decay, double beta decay). In the present paper, a short review on such novel fuels based on Santilli’s Hadronic energy has been presented from the point of view of sustainable and green energy source.

Abstract:
The Bose-Einstein correlation is the phenomenon in which protons and antiprotons collide at extremely high energies; coalesce one into the other resulting into the fireball of finite dimension. They annihilate each other and produces large number of mesons that remain correlated at distances very large compared to the size of the fireball. It was believed that special relativity and relativistic quantum mechanics are the valid frameworks to represent this phenomenon. Although, R.M. Santilli showed that the Bose-Einstein correlation requires four arbitrary parameters (chaoticity parameters) to fit the experimental data which parameters are prohibited by the basic axioms of relativistic quantum mechanics, such as that for the vacuum expectation values. Moreover, Santilli showed that correlated mesons can not be treated as a finite set of isolated point-like particles as required for the exact validity of the Lorentz and Poincare's symmetries, because the event is non-local due to overlapping of wavepackets and consequential non-Hamiltonian effects. Therefore, the Bose-Einstein correlation is incompatible with the axiom of expectation values of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we study Santilli's exact and invariant representation of the Bose-Einstein correlation via relativistic hadronic mechanics including the exact representation of experimental data from the first axiomatic principles without adulterations, and consequential exact validity of the Lorentz-Santilli and Poincare-Santilli isosymmetries under non-local and non-Hamiltonian internal effect. We finally study the confirmation of Santilli's representation of the Bose-Einstein correlation by F. Cardone and R. Mignani.
PACS: 13.38Dg, 03.30Tp, 10.30Cp, 02.20.Sv
Keywords: Bose-Einstein correlation, theory of relativity, Lorentz and Poincare symmetries, Lie-Santilli isoalgebra.

Fossil fuels are contributing the largest share in meeting up energy demands of urban lifestyle across the globe. May it be gasoline or coal, all sort of fossil fuels are drilled out of earth crust to burn on the earth surface creating a huge burden on air quality. Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels causes pollution of carbon monoxide and other gases. It also eats away the breathable oxygen from the atmosphere. Rampant use of coal in power sector causes problems adding to the global warming phenomenon. Many of the coal powered thermal power plants are used beyond its stipulated life span, with reduced efficiency, which results in incomplete combustion of fuel and emission of carbon monoxide. Santilli’s discovery of magnecules is a boon in considerably reducing the above stated serious problems being faced by the mankind in particular and the adverse effects on the overall health of the earth in general. Amongst various proposed remedies the magnecules and magnehydrogen are seen to be best additives to fossil fuels which can effectively enhance the combustion efficiency of fossil fuels. The present paper discusses the enhancement in combustion efficiency of fossil fuels in terms of increased utility of carbon and improved quality of emission reducing the amount of obnoxious gases.

When the English translation of Marius Sophus Lie’s Norwegian Doctoral Dissertation Over en Classe geometriske Transformationer from 1871 now becomes internet open accessible it will be widely recognized that it concretely describes how “through a particularly remarkable transformation…main tangential curves can be brought back to…rounded curves.” This “fundamental relation between the Plucker line geometry and a spatial geometry whose element is the sphere” is a “limit transition” by a “polygon…projection” of the “space’s straight lines into the sphere’s rectilinear generatrices” through which the “Plucker line geometry can be transformed into a sphere geometry.” <br />A faithful modern nanotechnology version of this simultaneous straight-to-round phase transition in which the infinitesimal generators of the flat Plucker/Euclidean space are turned into the infinitesimal generators of the sphere is a thereby directly hybridized “curve-net” lattice where a hexagonally symmetric isotropic vector matrix (IVM) of octahedrons and tetrahedrons is juxtaposed to the orthogonal spatial framework in a trigonometrically determined absolute 60 degrees inclination. The utility is the same as in Lie’s time when “we find between the corresponding transformations of R:…all movements (translation movement, rotation-movement and the helicoidal movement), semblability-transformation, transformation by reciprocal radii, parallel transformation…etc”. Today, the elementary particles have added to the field and it is a significant and lasting fact that the lattice system verbatim blueprinted from Lie’s thesis generates exact replications of them and their spectroscopy, too.<br />Here the IVM is of particular sustainable mathematical as well as material interest. It is outlined by the electron which expands in self-similar cycles to an instant inflation of the mainly Hydrogen ion primordial universe. Inevitable ripples in the isotropy then accumulate to increasing perturbations and ultimately to the nucleogenetic era, when a backtracking in the IVM mesh leads to retrograde crystallization of a full centrally symmetric periodic system of the elements.

An Italian-American Scientist Professor Ruggero Maria Santilli during his more than six decades of dedicated and sustained research has denounced the fact that quantum chemistry is mostly based on mere nomenclatures without any quantitative scientific contents. Professor R M Santilli first formulated the iso-, geno- and hyper- mathematics that helped in understanding numerous diversified problems and removing inadequacies in most of the established and celebrated theories of 20th century physics and chemistry. This involves the isotopic, genotopic, etc. lifting of Lie algebra that generated Lie admissible mathematics to properly describe irreversible processes. The studies on Hadronic Mechanics in general and chemistry in particular based on Santilli 's mathematics for the first time have removed the very fundamental limitations of quantum chemistry. In the present discussion, we propose to present the most relevant aspects of sustainable Santilli iso-mathematics and its application to Hadronic Chemistry that imparts the completeness to the Quantum Mechanics and Chemistry via an addition of effects at distances of the order of 1 fm (only) and the industrial applications of Hadronic Chemistry in formulating the basically new chemical species of Magnecule. These Magnecular fuels have promising application as additives for improving combustion of existing fossil fuel due to their high miscibility, higher combustion rate and thermal output. The magnecules act as a detonator to the conventional fuel molecules resulting in near complete combustion of the latter. Thus, they hold promising applications as sustainable energy requirements.

Using the stable number theory we calculate the best electron configurations of the elements and not from experimental data[6-8].We make the Jiang periodic table of the elements.
In studying the stability of the many-body problem we suggest two principles [1-9].
(1) The prime number principle. A prime number is irreducible in the integers, it seems, therefore, natural to associate it with the most stable subsystem. We prove that 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 23, 47 are the most stable primes.
(2) The symmetric principle. The most stable configuration of two prime numbers is then a stable symmetric system in nature. We prove that 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 22, 46, 94 are the most stable even numbers. The stability can be defined as long life and existence in nature, and instability as short life or non-existence in nature.

Air pollution is nowadays a too well-known problem for big cities with high population density. Among the most dangerous pollutants for public health, we can find hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and other pollutants that can cause breathing dysfunctions and various diseases, sometimes fatal. Most of these pollutants are a direct or indirect consequence of the burning processes of fossil fuels. The problem is rather complex because atmospheric pollution cannot be decreased by just decreasing the use of fossil fuels for heating, cooking and automotive usage. In this talk, the first names author (S. B. B.) outlines decades of research and development, as well as significant investment, that have led the U. S. publicly traded company Thunder Energy Corporation the development of basically new sciences and technologies for the production and sale of Urban Air Purificators(TM) comprising: equipment for the intake of polluted urban air in large volumes; equipment for the elimination of all combustible pollutants, including hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and others without catalytic converters or scrubbers; and means for final filtration and processing so as to release in urban environments, including individual houses, clean breathable air without appreciable toxic contaminants, essentially given by nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and traces of other non-toxic gases in parts per millions. The new sciences for the achievement of these features included a generalization of quantum chemistry known as hadronic chemistry, including the discovery of the new chemical species of magnecules, and the development of the novel HyperFurnaces(TM) that eliminate toxic contaminants without catalytic converters or other conventional means, via the local achievement of temperatures of the order millions of degrees thanks to basically novel nuclear processes.

I am honored to celebrate the life achievements of Professor Ruggero Maria Santilli. I admire Professor Santilli's inspiring and courageous questioning the dogmatic science. The source of the real progress in sciences is brave non-confirmations, pointing dogmas, proposing rival alternatives, brave imaginations, and overcome the preconceptions. Professor Santilli contributed to many multidisciplinary subjects that need to be appreciated by many specialized speakers. My lecture will be restricted to reveal dogmas around the Lorentz isometry group. How many conceptual detriments the Lorentz isometry symmetry group made in fundamental and in applied physics (e.g. absence of the intrinsic mass-center concept for finite radiation speed). The relativity theory should be called the theory of absolute following the idea of Max Planck (1924-lecture: Vom relativen zum Absoluten): reality is measurement-free. The general relativity is the very misleading name for gravity, gravity is neither `general' nor `relative', it is absolute gravity that is appropriately identified by Professor Santilli as the `scientific religion'. I wish to explain that relativity/absolutive must not be related to the conformal symmetry of the Maxwell equations. Does not exists the only one single the relativity/absolutive theory. There is the rival alternative to the Lorentz isometry implicit in the Minkowski 1908-last publication. However before to present the rival theory that is based on the mathematical groupoid structure (that is not a group) I wish to reveal all dogmas related to the Lorentz isometry group, in particular how Lorentz group-covariance contradicts with elementary experiments in electromagnetism. The mathematically wrong (error) Lorentz-covariance is dogmatically and politically accepted because agree with experiments. Consequences for cosmology (Doppler and star aberration) and will be discussed.

Latin square design is commonly used to eliminate the effect of two nuisance factors on an experiment for which the efficiency of some treatments is required to be tested. Thus, for instance, the fuel consumption of distinct brands of petrol by distinct types of vehicles and drivers can be analyzed by means of Latin square design. Both nuisance factors are respectively regarded as rows and columns of a Latin square whose symbols represent the treatments under consideration. This is randomly selected from a predetermined set of Latin squares of a given order. The respective assignment of both factors and treatments to the different rows, columns and symbols of this Latin square is also randomly carried out. The analysis of the effects of both nuisance factors and treatments, which are usually tested by means of ANOVA and $F$ tests, depends directly on which Latin square is chosen. Particularly, it depends on its autotopism group, because the more symmetric is the Latin square, the less distinct designs can be considered. This work focuses in particular on the influence that right-multiplication autotopisms have in the analysis of variance of distinct types of problems on sustainable engineering. To this end, we simulate experimental designs based on an additive model for Latin square design.

Revolutionary new clean energy technology based on an irreversible energy releasing fusion process [1]. For this purpose, we used a steel reactor chamber pressurized with deuterium gas and sparked with carbon electrodes. Thermal measurements on the chamber were analyzed and compared with the total measured energy input to determine excess heat production. Mass spectroscopic analysis were performed on gas samples extracted before and after ignition to verify the formation of magnecular clusters (essentially consisting of clustered molecules) formed as by-products of the intermediate nuclear fusion process. The exterior of the chamber was monitored throughout these experiments with radiation detectors to assess if any harmful radiation were emitted into the environment. These experiments are the precursor to the construction and testing of larger scaled hadronic reactors at the Institute for Basic Research in Tarpon Springs, Florida.
The fusion of deuterium and carbon by the ICNF process to form nitrogen can be described using Hadronic Mechanics [2] with the following balanced equation:
TR + H (2, 1, 1+, 2.0141) + C (12, 6, 0+, 12.0000) &#8594; N (14, 7, 1+, 14.0030) + &#916;Eheat
The results taken from the experimental runs conducted on the hadronic reactor indicates some form of exothermal reaction taking place that produced clusters of higher mass components. Since chemical reactions and combustion cannot have occurred in a pure deuterium environment, the conclusion leads to an indication of the process described as Intermediate Controlled Nuclear Fusion without harmful radiations.
REFERENCES
1. R. Brenna, T. Kuliczkowski, L. Ying, Verification of intermediate nuclear fusions without harmful radiation and the production of magnecular clusters, New Advances in Physics, Volume 5, Number 1, pp 9-17 (2010)
2. R. M. Santilli, Hadronic Mathematics, Mechanics and Chemistry, Florida: International Academic Press (2008)

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