Dr. Kristina Zuzek

Abstract:

Advancements in e-mobility and green power generation are crucial for fulfilling the Green Deal's objectives of creating a low-carbon society. Central to this goal are high-performing permanent magnets, such as Nd-Fe-B and Sm-Co, essential components in electric motors and generators. Consequently, intensive research into these magnets is critical to enhance their performance. However, a significant challenge is the scarce availability of these rare earth elements, designated as essential raw materials by the EU. Therefore, comprehensive approaches in resource-efficient processing, reprocessing, and recycling of these magnets are vital for the future development of permanent magnets. We are dedicated to researching and improving the viability of reprocessing and recycling Nd-Fe-B and other permanent magnets. Techniques such as electrochemical separation via anodic oxidation have successfully recycled Nd-Fe-B scrap into Nd₂Fe₁₄B matrix phase grains or break them down into rare earth-based precursors [1]. Moreover, Sm-Co permanent magnets have also shown promising recyclability through electrochemical methods [2]. Progress in scaling up recycling methods for Nd-Fe-B has been achieved through selective electrochemical and chemical approaches [3-4]. These innovative recycling and upcycling techniques pave the way for completely reengineering Nd-Fe-B magnets from the ground up, offering a break from traditional methods and potential enhancements in magnet performance metrics like energy products. Our current research also explores rapid consolidation methods, such as spark plasma sintering, which promise to advance Nd-Fe-B magnet development further [4].