Dr. Ali Caka

Abstract:

This paper explores the transformation of Kosovo's industrial sector from lignite-based energy to sustainable practices, with an emphasis on applying the Life Cycle Assessment - LCA methodology. The research explores how key industries, including lignite, ferronickel, and rare metal production, can improve competitiveness while reducing environmental impacts. A significant focus is placed on the production of synthetic gas from lignite, a key byproduct that can serve as an energy source, and the integration of sustainable practices within lignite power plants to mitigate environmental degradation. The FLOGEN Sustainability Framework is evaluated as a practical implementation model for embedding ecological principles into industrial processes. Three production models—linear, quasi-cyclic, and dynamic equilibrium—are analyzed, with the dynamic equilibrium model, which mirrors natural ecosystem cycles, identified as the most viable for achieving sustainability. This model stresses the continuous recycling and reuse of energy and waste, aligning industrial processes with ecological systems. However, the realization of such a model demands advanced technologies, innovative equipment, and the restructuring of industrial parks. The paper posits that adopting this approach, including the utilization of lignite-derived gas, can catalyze industrial restructuring, drive economic growth, improve social well-being, and protect the environment, thereby enhancing Kosovo’s industrial competitiveness.