2024 - Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2024 Volume 8. Monteiro Intl. Symp / Composite, Ceramic and Nano Materials Processing
| Editors: | F. Kongoli, P. Assis, H.A.C. Lopera, S. Diaz, V. Scarpini Candido |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2024 |
| Pages: | 288 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-998384-18-1 (CD) |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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INFLUENCE OF SURFACE TREATMENTS OF COFFEE HUSK FIBER WASTE TO APPLY INTO GREEN POLYURETHANE
Michel Picanço Oliveira1; Bárbara Maria Mateus Gonçalves1; Mayara de Oliveira Camillo1; Felipe Gabriel Santos Araújo2; Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera3; Sergio Monteiro4;1FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF ESPÍRITO SANTO, Jerônimo Monteiro, Brazil; 2FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF ESPÍRITO SANTO, Alegre, Brazil; 3UNIVERSIDAD DE ANTIOQUIA, Medellín, Colombia; 4MILITARY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 250
Topic: 18
Abstract:
Natural fibers have been widely studied and used in polymeric biocomposites, aiming to enhance their mechanical and thermal properties. These fibers stand out for their relatively low cost and sustainable characteristics. However, when used as reinforcement, they present adhesion issues to polymer matrices due to their hydrophilic nature, contrasting with hydrophobic matrices. Surface treatments are a feasible solution to enhance this interaction. In this study, the effectiveness of three surface treatments applied to coffee husk fiber waste (CHFW) was evaluated to enhance the performance of green polyurethane (GPU) biocomposites based on castor oil. The analyzed treatments were: i) chemical with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions, ii) hydrothermal under high temperatures and pressures (HYD), and iii) biological with solid-state fermentation by the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium (BIO. For evaluation, biocomposites were fabricated with 20% by weight of CHFW (in natura and with each of the proposed treatments: NaOH, HYD, and BIO). The tensile strength of the biocomposites was analyzed based on ASTM D3039 [2], the water absorption, and morphology through scanning electron microscopy. A superior increase of over 60% in tensile strength was observed in biocomposites reinforced with CHFW-HYD, compared to in natura CHFW, with achieved strength of 16.3 MPa. Surface treatments on lignocellulosic fibers or particles contribute to enhancing the interface between particles and the matrix, thus increasing mechanical properties. There were no significant modifications in the water absorption of the biocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy analyses showed an improvement in the interface between GPU and CHFW-HID compared to other treatments. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the HIDRO treatment was the only one resulting in increases in tensile strength. SEM images confirmed better adhesion of polyurethane to lignocellulosic particles, which is related to the reduction of extractive compounds on the surface of the coffee husk.