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THE LEGACY OF THE SWISS HERMIT NICOLAS OF FLUE (1417-1487): LEADING TO THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) PEACE INITIATIVE
Hans Leuenberger1
1University of Florida, Orlando, United States

PAPER: 506/Pharmaceutical/Regular (Oral) OS
SCHEDULED: 14:45/Mon. 21 Oct. 2024/Minos

ABSTRACT:

It was not easy to find detailed information on the life of Nicolas of Flue such as the book1 “Brother Klaus, Man of Two Worlds” by Christina Yates. She was educated at a Quaker co-educational Boarding school in Somerset, England. In Geneva, Switzerland, she worked from 1926-1927 at the Friends International Centre established during the early years of the League of Nations, today: United Nations. Quakers2 were known to refuse to participate in war, to swear oaths and were opposed to slavery. Anabaptists also refused to participate in a war being prosecuted by Catholic and Protestant authorities. In this context, the father of Niklaus Leuenberger3, head of the peasant revolt in 1653, was also an Anabaptist. 

In 1947, in recognition of their dedication to peace, Quakers1 were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Quakers2 introduced the Bill of Rights to the U.S. Constitution, trial by jury, equal rights for men and women, and public education. From 1953 - 1970 Christina Yates was teaching English at the Ecole d’Humanite following Paul Geheeb’s educational principles4 in the Bernese Oberland. During this time, she spent several years studying extensive French and German literature on the life of Nicolas of Flue. Her book consists of 4 parts, describing his “Life” (I), citing “Eyewitnesses” (II), describing “The Other Dimension” (III) and “Brother Klaus Today” (IV). Part III is related to the Man of the Two worlds: Klaus, he has experienced war, -brutal hand to hand combat with pike and lance - as brave soldier being promoted to the rank of a captain, he also sat on the bench with magistrates accepting bribes. Knowing the deficiencies of his own community, he suffered from depression until he retired as hermit in a wooden shack in the Ranft close to his former home. Brother Klaus had several visions triggering the curiosity1 of C.G. Jung (Carl Jung - Wikipedia). Christina describes the controversy regarding the incrediblefasting of Brother Klaus, since the local people wondered if he was receiving food secretly. Albrecht von Bonstetten, a nobleman, describes Brother Klaus as of “low birth” since he had no higher education. Thus, Klaus needed the support of Brother Ulrich1 for writing letters to authorities. Ulrich was an educated man, who established in an “arrow shot” distance1 his own hermit cell. Thus, Brother Klaus was happy that his youngest son enrolled as student at the University of Basel. 

The differentiation between noble families and free people evolved only later, since the noble family “von Schweinsberg - Attinghausen” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweinsberg_Castle) of the  Canton of Uri and Bern sided with the free farmers playing an important role in the foundation of Switzerland. The birth of the concept of the “armed political Swiss neutrality” can be summarized with the following statements1 by Brother Klaus: “O dear friends, don’t make your fence too wide, the better to remain in peace, calm and unity in your honorable and hard-won liberty. Don’t burden yourselves with foreign affairs, don’t join up with foreign rulers, guard against dissension and self-seeking. Protect your fatherland and cleave it to it. Do not foster intentional love of fighting, but if anyone attacks you, then fight bravely for freedom and fatherland”. Edgar Bonjour‘s extensive work consists of nine volumes on the history of the Swiss neutrality5. A sustainable healthy world only can be realized in the case of peace. Thus, the author of this abstract supports the idea of Prof Marcel Tanner that the World Health Organization (WHO) also addresses a peaceful planet thanks to the creation of the WHO Peace Initiative by using the tools of the International Council of Harmonization by establishing a special ICH-EPC team7 with the goal of Easing and Preventing Conflicts (EPC).

REFERENCES:
[1] Yates, Ch., Brother Klaus, Man of Two worlds, The Eber Press, York, 1989.
[2] Quakers, Internet available at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quakers
[3] Leuenberger, H.,(2020) Niklaus Leuenberger: Predating Gandhi In 1653? SAHS Review. Vol. 56, p. 64 – 93.
[4] Bose, A. Paul Geheeb, In a world of violence the search for a new humanism, The UNESCO Courier, June 1962, p.20-26.
[5] Bonjour, E. Geschichte der schweizerischen Neutralitaet, 9 Volumes, 1965-70.
[6] ICH, Internet available at https://ich.org/
[7] Leuenberger, H, The Healing Power of Forgiveness, pptx Presentation 2024 SIPS summit.