Editors: | F. Kongoli, M. Calin, J.M. Dubois, K. Zuzek-Rozman |
Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
Publication Year: | 2019 |
Pages: | 156 pages |
ISBN: | 978-1-989820-02-5 |
ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
Reasonable magnetic performance to weight ratio makes polymer-bonded magnets indispensable in automotive applications [i]. The magnetic powders, used for bonded magnets are mainly produced by the gas atomization and melt-spinning [ii]. Several magnetic powders can be used for such purposes, namely ferrites, SmCo, Sm-Fe-N, Nd-Fe-B and/or combinations of all of them. Since the magnetic powder is blended with non-magnetic binder, the remanent magnetization is diluting as the volume percent of the binder is increasing. Therefore, they can be classified as medium-performance isotropic bonded magnets. The coercivity of the magnet, however, is not related to the magnetic powder/non-magnetic binder ratio but to the chemistry and microstructural features. Melt-spun ribbons of Nd-Fe-B material are composed of randomly oriented Nd2Fe14B grains within the size of single magnetic domain [iii]. Therefore, they have a huge potential for higher coercivity compared to sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets in which a typical grain size is measured in microns [iv]. There exist several ways to improve the coercivity of Nd-Fe-B magnets. One way is to decouple the Nd2Fe14B grains by infiltration of low eutectic Nd-based alloys which we propose within this study. Detailed microstructural analyses showed that non-ferromagnetic Nd70Cu30 was successfully infiltrated between the grains, which prevented the physical contact between the grains leading to weaker intergrain exchange coupling. The results of such a process show more than 20 % improvement in coercivity while the remanence is increased as expected due to the lower amount of the ferro-magnetic phase. Significant increase in coercivity compensates lower remanence, and the energy product is also increased. In comparison to the basic powder, the coercivity at 150 °C is significantly improved, which enables these magnets to be used at a higher temperature.