2018-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS2018
Volume 6. New and Advanced Materials and Technologies
| Editors: | F. Kongoli, F. Marquis, P. Chen, T. Prikhna, N. Chikhradze |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2018 |
| Pages: | 392 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-92-8 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Shock Induced Elemental Doping of Materials
Pengwan Chen1; Xin Gao1; Chunxiao Xu1; Jianjun Liu2; Xiang Gao1;1BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, Beijing, China; 2STATE KEY LABORATORY OF CHEMICAL RESOURCE ENGINEERING, BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, Beijing, China;
Type of Paper: Keynote
Id Paper: 421
Topic: 43
Abstract:
Shock wave action generates high temperature, high pressure, and high strain rate that last for a very short time (~10<sup>-6</sup> s), which may cause a series of catastrophic changes to the chemical and physical properties of materials. Shock induced doping is a new method to realize elemental doping in specific materials. Two types of shock-induced doping are realized in our experiments; one is pressure-induced diffusion doping, the other is in-situ doping through shock-induced chemical reaction. Shock wave action has been successfully utilized for enhancing certain properties of materials by elemental doping. This work provides a simple but efficient route for elemental doping of materials.
In this work, elemental doped TiO<sub>2</sub> nanopowders are synthesized through shock induced doping method. A shock-loading apparatus is designed for generating shock wave and recovering the doped powders, consisting of a sample container, a flyer, and a cylindrical explosive container with an explosive and a detonator. A mixture of dopants and TiO<sub>2</sub> powder is filled in the sample container and impacted by a detonation-driven high-velocity flyer, leading to the doping of N, S, B, Ga in TiO<sub>2</sub>powder under high temperature and high pressure. The characterizations of recovered samples confirm the presence of elemental doping. The visible light photocatalytic activity and photo-electrochemistry of shock doped TiO<sub>2</sub> are tested.
N-doped graphene nanopowders are synthesized using the mixture of carbon source, strong reductant and nitrogen source through shock waves. Under the impact action of detonation-driven high-velocity flyer, the carbon source is reduced to form carbon atoms with the decomposition of nitrogen source under high temperature and pressure. Subsequently, as the formation of graphene nanosheets occurs from carbon atom deposition, the nitrogen atoms are doped in the formed graphene nanosheets. The nitrogen-doped graphene demonstrates and acts as a metal-free electrode with an efficient electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline solution.