2017-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2017 Volume 5. Marquis Intl. Symp. / New and Advanced Materials and Technologies
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Marquis F, Chikhradze N |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2017 |
| Pages: | 590 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-69-0 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
CD shopping page
A Pyrometallurgical Process to Recover the Zinc and Manganese from Spent Batteries
Burcak Ebin1; Martina Petranikova1; Britt-Marie Steenari1; Christian Ekberg1;1CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, Gothenburg, Sweden;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 68
Topic: 43
Abstract:
Spent primary batteries have been considering as a valuable resource for metallurgical industry due to their high metallic content of such as iron, zinc and manganese. However technological level of recycling processes are not sufficient for the widespread recovery of the spent batteries. Currently, pyrometallurgical processes are generally used to reclaim the spent primary batteries as an alloying additive for steel industry. However, such as Zn, which is highly concentrated in the spent batteries, evaporates at the process temperature and usually collected in the steel making dust with other elements, which is difficult to recycle. On the other hand several hydrometallurgical processes were also developed to recover the valuable metals from the spent batteries. The basic steps of the hydrometallurgical approach are leaching of the spent batteries, solvent extraction, and at last electrolysis and/or precipitation. Although, there is some techniques to recover the metals from spent primary batteries, an innovative recycling processes should be developed to ensure economical non-ferrous resources, as well as to support sustainable development. In this study, a pyrolysis process was studied for one-step recovery of zinc and manganese oxides in the form of fine particles from the spent household batteries. The recovery from battery waste depends on several parameters including pretreatments to the battery waste, process temperature, gas flow rate, residence time, type of reducing agent and feeding amount. The recovery amount and the recycled material properties from spent batteries were investigated by developed pyrolysis process. Material characterization methods, such as eelectron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis were performed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to determine the particle size and morphological properties, crystal structure and chemical composition of both industrial pre-treated starting material and products. The energy consumption and carbon footprint of the optimized process was also analyzed. The results show that process temperature and reducing agent amount are dominant factors affecting the Zn recovery. The recovered metallic Zn particles are in submicron size range. The residue composes of manganese oxides and the oxidation state of the manganese can be controlled.