2017-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2017 Volume 1. Barrios Intl. Symp. / Non-ferrous Smelting & Hydro/Electrochemical Processing

Editors:Kongoli F, Palacios M, Buenger T, Meza JH, Delgado E, Joudrie MC, Gonzales T, Treand N
Publisher:Flogen Star OUTREACH
Publication Year:2017
Pages:264 pages
ISBN:978-1-987820-61-4
ISSN:2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series)
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    Determination of the High Temperature Melting Behaviour of Synthetic Ferronickel Slags

    Christoph Sagadin1; Stefan Luidold2; Christoph Wagner3; Alfred Spanring4;
    1MONTANUNIVERSITAET LEOBEN CDL-TM, Leoben, Austria; 2MONTANUNIVERSITAET LEOBEN, Leoben, Austria; 3RHI AG-NONFERROUS METALS, Vienna, Austria; 4RHI AG, Vienna, Austria;
    Type of Paper: Regular
    Id Paper: 52
    Topic: 6

    Abstract:

    The industrial manufacturing of ferronickel in electric furnaces produces large amounts of slag with strong acidic character and high melting points, which seriously stresses the furnace refractory. In this study, measurements by a hot stage microscope served for the determination of melting behaviour of synthetically produced ferronickel slags on magnesia as refractory material. Therefore, 13 different slags comprising the main oxides SiO2 (35 to 70 wt.-%), MgO (15 to 45 wt.-%), Fe2O3 (5 to 35 wt.-%) and Al2O3 (0 to 10 wt.-%) were melted in a graphite crucible and afterwards analysed by a hot stage microscope. The design of experiments, which was created by the statistic software MODDE, included 15 experiments with varying slag compositions as well as atmospheres. The evaluation of the test results occurred at three different characteristic states of the samples like the deformation point according to DIN 51730 and the temperatures, at which the area of residual cross section of the samples amounted to 30 respectively 40 % of the original value in dependence of their SiO2/MgO ratio and iron oxide content. Additionally, the thickness of the zone influenced by the slag was measured and evaluated. The results indicated that the deformation temperature decrease with an increasing content of Al2O3 and SiO2/MgO ratio. Furthermore, a content of 4 respectively 10 wt.-% Al2O3 resulted to the lowest temperature for 40 % residual cross section. In addition, the alumina content showed a changeable influence on the area of influenced zone of the refractory at high and low SiO2/MgO ratios.

    Keywords:

    Ferro-Alloys; Metallurgy; Nickel; Slag; Smelting;

    References:

    [1] F.K. CRUDWELL, M.S. MOATS, V. RAMCHANDRAN, T.C. ROBINSON and W.G. DAVENPORT, Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum-Group Metals, 2011, Elsevier, chapter 4, 5, 6 and 7
    [2] S. Luidold, Refraktärmetalle und Ferrolegierung, script, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Leoben (2015)
    [3] D.G.E. KERFOOT, Ullmann`s Encylopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 1991, Wiley-VCH, A17
    [4] D. Gregurek, A. Ressler, V. Reiter, A. Spanring, T. Prietl: Refractory Wear Mechanisms in the Nonferrous Metal Industry: Testing and Modeling Results, JOM, 65, (2013), 1622-1630
    [5] C. Sagadin, S. Luidold, C Wagner and C Wenzel: Melting Behaviour of Ferronickel Slags, JOM, 68 (2016), 3022-3028
    [6] H. Schnideritsch, Schmelz- und Reduktionsverhalten von komplexen Sekundär-rohstoffen, dissertation, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Leoben (2010)

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    Cite this article as:

    Sagadin C, Luidold S, Wagner C, Spanring A. (2017). Determination of the High Temperature Melting Behaviour of Synthetic Ferronickel Slags. In Kongoli F, Palacios M, Buenger T, Meza JH, Delgado E, Joudrie MC, Gonzales T, Treand N (Eds.), Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit SIPS 2017 Volume 1. Barrios Intl. Symp. / Non-ferrous Smelting & Hydro/Electrochemical Processing (pp. 235-242). Montreal, Canada: FLOGEN Star Outreach