2016-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2016 Volume 9: Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids, Energy Production
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Gaune-Escard M, Turna T, Mauntz M, Dodds H.L. |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2016 |
| Pages: | 390 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-24-9 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Structural And Morphological Peculiarities Of Electrolytical Carbon Nanopowders Produced In Molten Salts
Inessa Novoselova1; Sergei Kuleshov1;1INSTITUTE OF GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Kiev, Ukraine;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 347
Topic: 13
Abstract:
Promising classes of nanostructured carbon-based materials varied from spherical empty and endohedral fullerenes encapsulating metal atoms to carbon nanotubes and aggregated graphene sheets have attracted a large scientific and technological interest because of unique chemical, mechanical and electrical properties and high perspectives of applications in high-tech devices.
The first works of electrochemical production of carbon materials from molten salts were carried out in the 1960s in the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry [1, 2], but structural and morphological properties of obtained products were not studied because of absent of high resolution electron microscopy devices.
This work is devoted to study of structural and morphological properties of electrolytic carbon produced by electrolysis of salt melts (NaCl-KCl (1:1), NaCl-KCl-CsCl (0.3:0.245:0.455), saturated by CO2 gas under excessive pressure up to 1,5 MPa in temperature range 500-800oC on metal cathodes. The experimental details of the electrolytic synthesis are published in [3]. The produced powders were characterized by XRD analysis, TEM, SEM and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that products contain carbon nanosized particles of different forms and structures: blocks formed by small amorphous carbon particles, carbon nanotube-like objects (CNTLO) of curved form and nanofibres. Small crystalline particles of metallic and salt phases, those are situated on the surface, inside and on the ends of the tubes, have been found in carbon deposits. The origin of the impurities may be the result of the interaction of cathode (Pt) and reactor (stainless steel) material with the carbon phase that is formed and of poor powder cleaning. Correlation between product structure and yield against the electrolysis conditions and regimes were established.