2016-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2016 Volume 11: Physics, Advanced/Multifunctional Materials, Composite, Quasi-crystals, Coating
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Marquis F, Lu L, Xia H, Masset P, Rokicki P |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2016 |
| Pages: | 180 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-56-0 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
CD shopping page
Modern Challenges for Structures Carbon Nanomaterials Characterization
Serguei Savilov1;1MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 338
Topic: 22
Abstract:
Different types of carbon nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes, have been studied carefully during last years bacause of their importance for the majority of actual apllications. Due to a unique set of physicochemical and mechanical characteristics, they are promising objects for the production of diverse composite materials for energy storage and harvesting, polymer industry, adsorption, catalysis.
Synthesis of multi-walled CNTs is technologically most simple, and, depending on the synthesis conditions, products can represent a system of either concentrated embedded cylinder (cy-CNTs) or cones (co-CNTs) from graphene sheets. The surface of cy-CNTs consists of sp2-hybridazed carbon atoms which make it fairly inert, whereas the near-surface layer of co-CNTs contain both sp2- and sp3-hybridized atoms, making them more active in chemical interactions. Graphenes depends on the size, can have a comparable amount of both types of carbon atoms.
Development of new composite materials is impossible without preliminary functionalization of CNTs by carboxyl or hydroxyl groups, which, also, open ways to their subsequent modification with more advanced fragments.
In generally, there is no analytical technique, providing all the information about CNMs. Only a few of them are suitable for mass qualitative analysis of chemically modified CNTs – thermal analysis with IR and mass spectral control of outgoing gases, elemental CHNSO analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Among these techniques CHNSO and thermal analysis allow to determine the general contents of oxygen in the material, while XPS can be used only to distinguish surface groups. There are also some indirect, but effective, techniques for making similar estimations, such as bomb calorimetry. Present lecture is focused on correlations of the experimental results obtained by different analytical methods of structures carbon nanomaterials analysis and search for the unified set of techniques for their characterization during mass production.