2016-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2016 Volume 1: D'Abreu Intl. Symp. / Iron and Steel Making
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Noldin JH, Takano C, Lins F, Gomez Marroquin MC, Contrucci M |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2016 |
| Pages: | 320 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-37-9 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Coal Source Of Carbon And Energy In Ironmaking Processes
Prof. Swatantra Prakash1;1NATIONAL METALLURGICAL LABORATORY, Jamshedpur, India;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 238
Topic: 2
Abstract:
Coal has globally been the most abundant fossil fuel resource. Even now, coal has a major role as a fuel for combustion. However, it is still beset with problems as an energy source in industrialized countries. The transition from petroleum oil to coal leads to the creation of more environmental problems. Besides coal is rather a less convenient source of fuel. There has in the past been continuous endeavours putting emphasis on coal to ensure a greater flexibility of energy supplies. The paper aims to critically review, analyse and discuss the status of several alternative and novel coal liquefaction, gasification and synthetic gas processes both from the source of carbon and energy. It has been utilized as both source of carbon and energy for power generation, cement plant and metallurgical units depending on coal qualities and properties. Coal quality depends on the type and rank of coal. Both depend on the chemical composition and macerals viz. Vitrinite, Inertinite, exinite and liptinite etc. present in coal. The Metallurgical coke, derived from destructive distillation of low- ash, low- sulfur bituminous coal besides contributing as a source of energy and carbon, as well provides strength to support the iron-making burden ascending through the blast furnace. Vitrinite reflectance plays a major role in ascertaining as to whether or not the coal can be used for coke making. Coke would offer adequate thermal strength during the chemical reaction under high temperature. The engineering systems involving these processes are beset with process complexities mainly in finding the proper coal rank and type. Of late large reserves of coal are found the world over. So the experience of the operators and the engineers still have a dependence of these processes on the performance characteristics of the coal. The characterization of coal will be another theme of the paper. It is, therefore, expedient to determine as to whether these coals could economically be utilised as a source of carbon and energy in some of the iron making processes including blast furnace. The paper seeks to examine the performance characteristics of coal and coke under conditions simulating some of the essential features of the blast furnace and directly iron making processes. It also discusses various aspects of coke making and blending processes vis-a-vis the desired physico-chemical properties of coal for an energy efficient and environmentally benign production units both for directly reduced iron and liquid hot metal operations.