2015-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2015 Volume 8: Composite & Ceramic, Quasi-crystals and Nanomaterials
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Pech-Canul M, Kalemtas A, Werheit H |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2015 |
| Pages: | 300 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-31-7 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Nanoporous Materials Design for Next-Generation Lithium Batteries
Lynden Archer1;1CORNELL UNIVERSITY, Ithaca, United States;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 520
Topic: 16
Abstract:
The development of practical rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) promise step-change improvements in electrochemical energy storage over today’s state-of-the-art lithium ion technology. Such batteries also open new opportunities for high-energy, portable electrical energy storage solutions for applications in electrified transportation, autonomous aircraft and robotics where reliable, long-term storage is a critical requirement for progress. Commercial LMBs remain elusive in these applications for multiple reasons, including gradual consumption of lithium metal and electrolyte by parasitic surface reactions and unstable electrodeposition of metallic lithium during battery recharge. Known consequences of unstable electrodeposition and lithium dendrite formation include accumulation of electrically disconnected regions of the anode or "dead lithium", thermal runaway of the cell, and internal short circuits, which limit cell lifetime and may pose serious hazards if a flammable, liquid electrolyte is used in a LMB. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are designed to eliminate the most serious of these problems by hosting the lithium in a graphitic carbon substrate, but this configuration is not entirely immune from uneven lithium metal plating and dendrite formation.
Beginning with a formal analysis of the stability of electrodeposition of metals on planar electrodes, this talks considers how a LMB electrolyte and separator might be rationally designed at the nanoscale for high conductivity and stability. In particular, using a continuum transport analysis for electrodeposition in a structured electrolyte in which a fraction of the anions are fixed in space, I will show that electrodeposition at the lithium anode can be stabilized through design of the electrolyte, salt, and separator. Building upon these ideas, the talk will explore transport in novel nanoporous hybrid electrolyte configurations designed to stabilize metal anodes against dendritic electrodeposition and premature failure. Finally, in order to evaluate stability conditions deduced from theory, the talk will explore application of these electrolyte designs to model LMBs.