2015-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2015 Volume 7: Ionic Liquids & Energy Production
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Gaune-Escard M, Mauntz M, Rubinstein J, Dodds H.L. |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2015 |
| Pages: | 310 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-30-0 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Interaction of Oxides and Molten Alkalis, Products of Reaction and Application
Sergei Devyatkin1;1INSTITUTE OF GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRT, Kiev, Ukraine;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 68
Topic: 13
Abstract:
The science of chemistry includes a study of properties, composition, and structure of matter, the changes in structure and composition which matter undergoes, and the accompanying energy changes. Learning to use to the full the chemical reaction products is a present-day problem of chemistry. The melting point of the equimolar mixture NaOH-KOH is 170 C; at this temperature, water is in the form of steam. On addition of silica to the NaOH-KOH melt, one mole of water is formed, whose steam energy can be used as kinetic one. It follows that this reaction can be used instead of the petrol combustion process in internal-combustion engine. The space containing alkalis is heated through electricity to temperature above the melting point of alkalis (>200 C); then an oxide mixture is thrown in, the pressure rises, and the pistons move; then the next portion of oxides is thrown in, and the process repeats. This reaction can also be used for water production. Another product, sodium or potassium silicate, is a raw material for glass industry. When up to 10% silicate is formed in the system, the NaOH-KOH melt begins to crystallize through silicate formation; it is necessary either to raise the melt temperature or to remove silicate from the melt. Addition of boric acid to the NaOH-KOH melt leads to the formation of two moles of water, hence the steam pressure is higher than in the case with silica. This reaction is endothermal, therefore heat supply is needed. The saturation of the melt by borax takes place at a concentration of over 50%. But as boric acid is lighter than the melt, it floats on the melts surface and retards the reaction. Therefore, it is worth-while to add a boric acid - silica mixture to the melt; the density of this mixture must be higher than that of the melt. Also gamma-Al2O3 mixed with boric acid may be used instead of silica; since gamma-Al2O3 also contains water, this will lead to an increase in vapor pressure. To obtain kinetic energy, the use of chemical reactions which are not combustion reaction and the complete utilization of the products of these reactions are possible. One of these reactions is interaction of oxides with molten alkalis. This reaction is ecofriendly and economically advantageous.
Keywords:
Energy; Moltensalt;References:
[1] Ih Barin, Thermodynamic Data of Pure Substances, 1993, VCH.[2] G.J.Janz, Physical Properties Data Compilation Relevant to Energy Storage, 1981, NSRDS.
[3] David R. Lide, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 2002, CRC Press.
[4] G.V. Samsonov. Physico-chemical properties of oxides, 1978, Metallurgy Moscow.
[5] YU.V. Karyakin Yu.V. and I.I. Angelov, Pure chemical substances., 1974, Chemistry Moscow.