2015-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2015 Volume 6: Coatings, Cement, Rare Earth & Ferro-alloys
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Yildirim H, Hainer S, Hofmann K, Proske T, Graubner C.A., Albert B |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2015 |
| Pages: | 200 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-29-4 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
< CD shopping page
The Role of Critical Materials Recycling in Energy Sustainability
Brajendra Mishra1;1WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Worcester, United States;
Type of Paper: General Plenary
Id Paper: 476
Topic: 42
Abstract:
Lithium, Telerium, Indium and many Rare Earth metals, including yttrium and scandium, are being increasingly used in clean energy technologies and energy device components, such as colored phosphors, lasers, catalysts and high intensity magnets. The commitment to clean energy technologies by governments and the projected growth in power and transportation sectors across the globe ensures that the demand for rare earth metals and compounds would continue to escalate. This demand implies that, to ensure unhindered technological innovation, it is essential to possess secure supply chains for rare earth elements. In order to ensure secure rare earth supply and attenuate supply-demand imbalance post 2014, it is of utmost importance to look at opportunities to process intelligently, recycle and reuse Rare Earth Elements from secondary sources, such as post-consumer and manufacturing process wastes. Economic and political considerations have caused significant fluctuations in rare-earth metals availability which requires that better extraction techniques, alternative uses, recycling opportunities should all be simultaneously explored.
References:
[1] Critical Materials Institute: Accelerating Energy Innovations, Proposal submitted to US Dept. of Energy for the creation of DOE Energy Hub, [2012].[2] D. Bauer, D. Diamond, J. Li, M. McKittrick, D. Sandalow, P. Telleen, “Critical Materials Strategy,” U.S. Department of Energy, December, 2011. Available at: http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/DOE_CMS2011_FINAL_Full.pdf
[3] International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative, Rare Earth Metals: Current Status & Future Outlook, Advanced Manufacturing Technology Report, [2014].
[4] X. Du and T.E. Graedel, “Global In-use Stocks of the Rare-earth Elements”, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 45, pp. 4096-4101, [2011].
[5] The economic Benefits of the North American Rare Earth Industry, “Rare Earth Technology Alliance Report”, American Chemistry Council, April 2014.
[6] United States Congressional Research Service, Rare earth elements: The Global Supply Chain, March Humphries, 2010.
[7] D.Sandlow, “Keynote Address”- Technology and Rare Earth Metals Conference 2010, Washington D.C., 17 March, 2010.
[8] United States Geological Survey, China’s Rare-Earth Industry, Pui-Kwan Tse, 2011.
[9] Kingsnorth, D., IMCOA, “Rare Earths: Facing New Challenges in the New Decade”, presented by Clinton Cox SME Annual Meeting 2010, 28 Feb - 03 March 2010, Phoenix, Arizona.
[10] Rare Earths and Critical Material Revitalization Act of 2010. H.R. 6160. 22 Sep 2010.
[11] U.S. Department of Energy. “Critical Materials Strategy”. December, 2010.
[12] D. Merriman, “The European REE market and its place in the global industry”, Roskill Report, ERES 2014, Milos, Greece, Sept. 2014.