2015-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2015 Volume 11: Recycling & Environmental
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Havlik T, Pagnanelli F |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2015 |
| Pages: | 410 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-34-8 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Creative Use of Scrap Tires for Sustainable Golf Courses
Jae Park1;1UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL, Madison, United States;
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 381
Topic: 7
Abstract:
A landfill in Grand Cayman Island has accumulated up to two million tires over many years. There have been a series of landfill fires, including the most recent fire on March 1, 2015. There were four failed attempts to sell scrapped tires piled at the landfill. It has been proposed to use over one million tires in the construction of golf courses. Scrap tires can be used in various forms in the golf course. The objective of this study was to determine creative methods of scrap tire application for sustainable golf course design and construction.
It has been found that scrap tires can remove nitrate and phosphate in fertilizers and pesticides used in golf courses. This property of scrap tires can be applied in golf course construction to make the golf course sustainable. First, ground rubber (0.425~12 mm) can be used as the substitute for 15-cm thick gravel layer for drainage specified in the revised United States Golf Association (USGA) green construction method. Second, tire shreds (50~305 mm) and/or tire chips (12~50 mm) can be used in the revetment as a filter layer for removal of pesticides and fertilizers. Third, tire chips can be used as backfill materials for drainage pipes in greens, bunkers, and fairways. Fourth, tire chips can be used as a runoff treatment zone before entering into a pond that is used to withdraw water for irrigating the golf course. These four applications will make a golf course sustainable by minimizing the impact of pesticides and fertilizers on the surrounding environment. The other applications include island green backfill materials, cart path pavement, elevated tee boxes and other mounds. From the detailed calculations of scrap tires required for the specific golf course to be built in Grand Cayman Island, it was possible to use over one million tires in various forms while saving the construction and maintenance costs.
Key words: golf course, fertilizers, ground rubber, pesticides, scrap tires, tire chips