2015-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2015 Volume 11: Recycling & Environmental
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Havlik T, Pagnanelli F |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2015 |
| Pages: | 410 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-34-8 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Spent Magnets from Waste Electronic Devices - A Source of Rare Earth Elements
Andrea Miskufova1; Marek Palencar2; Anna Kochmanova3; Hedviga Horvathova4; Tomas Havlik5; Jan Bolek6;1TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF METALLURGY, DEPT. OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND WASTE TREATMENT, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic); 2DEPARTMENT OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND WASTE TREATMENT, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic); 3, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic); 4TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KOSICE, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic); 5TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF KOSICE, FACULTY OF METALLURGY,, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic); 6PETERBOLEK-EKORAY, Namestovo, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 256
Topic: 7
Abstract:
Nowadays, one of the significant secondary sources of the rare earth elements (REE) in Europe are spent permanent magnets. The main application of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets is in hard disc drives, but they also become an important part in green technologies, e.g. electric/hybrid vehicles, wind turbines or in other various electric and electronic devices. The European Union raw materials initiative (RMI; Communication on raw materials, COM 2011/25) labelled REE as one of the most critical elements for EU. Nevertheless, today the recycling of REE is counted only to around 1-10%, globally. The absence of REE wastes recycling at individual countries had caused accumulation of wastes, as a result of missing proper technologies. The aim of this work is to introduce the possible methods for recycling and recovery of Nd from spent Nd-Fe-B magnets from waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE). Moreover, the description and identification of composition of waste Nd-Fe-B magnets from various sources after demagnetisation at Curie temperature are presented. For characterisation of the individual samples, the chemical elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction phase analysis and scanning electron microscopy have been applied. The results indicated different phase and elemental composition of individual spent Nd-Fe-B magnets.<br />Keywords: spent Nd-Fe-B magnets, characterisation, rare earth elements, Nd
Keywords:
Alloy; Metal; Microstructure; Non-Ferrous; Recycling; Technology; Wastes;References:
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